Download Planet`s symbol:

Planet’s symbol:
Describe how the planet got its name:
Named after the Roman god of war, Mars. In ancient cultures even older
than Rome Mars was considered an important star and each culture always
associated it with war and death. Some ideas were held in common. For
example ancient Sumerians believed Mars was the holy star of the god
Nergal their god of war and the dark aspects of the sun.
Distances:
Order from the sun: 4 planet from the sun
th
Distance from the sun in AU: Mars 1.52 AU in km: 228 million km
Distance from the Earth in AU: 1.524 AU in km: 2.279x108 km
Planet Measurements:
Mass: Mass (1024 kg)
0.64185
Volume: Volume (1010 km3)
16.318
Equatorial Circumference: 10664.068
Mean Density: Mean density (kg/m3)
3933
Gravity: 3.69 m/s2 or 0.376g (37% that of Earth
If you weighed 100lbs. on Earth, how much would you weigh on Mars?
3.69 m/s2 or 0.376g (37% that of Earth
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Orbit and Rotation:
Number of days to orbit around the sun: It takes Mars to orbit around the
sun roughly twenty-four hours and thirty-seven minutes
Perihelion (how close does it get to the sun?): Mars's) and it's Perigee
(Closest point) is 206 669 000 km or 1.381 497 AU
Aphelion (how far does it get from the sun?): furthest point to the sun
(Apogee) is 249 209 300 km or 1.665 861 AU (Astronomical Unit
Length of one day (number of hours in one day): each day, but a solar day
on Mars lasts 24 hours 39 minutes and 35 seconds.
Planet Appearance looks like:
The planet Mars that is otherwise referred to as the “Red Planet” is the
fourth closest planet to the sun within our solar system. Its name, Mars, is
actually taken from the Roman’s god of war. It has been described as the
red planet because of the prevalence of iron oxide on its surface that makes
it entirely appear as reddish. In comparison to the planet Earth, Mars has a
lesser density. It approximately has 15% of the volume of the earth and its
mass is 11% of it. The planet Mars is popular for having the Olympus Mon
in its planet, which is known as the highest mountain within our solar
system. It also has the Valles Marineris that can be considered as the
largest canyon.
Mars is quite similar to the planet Earth when it comes to its appearance. It
owns in its atmosphere clouds and polar ice caps. Like our planet, it also
has weather conditions that are based on seasonal patterns. Canyons,
volcanoes and any other features that may be recognizable when
compared to the Earth are also available in the planet. The planet’s orbit
lies in between the asteroid belt and the Earth’s orbit.
As far as the planet Mars’ features are concerned, you can imagine a pink
or red hue when it comes to its land and sky. Usually, the color of its
appearance may be yellow, reddish or orange and its brightness may vary
more in comparison to the other planets over the orbits’ course. But it has
been said however that the color of Mars is actually closer to butterscotch
and its redness is just a result of dust from its atmosphere.
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Rings There has been no direct observation of orbiting dust rings. However, some
scientists have speculated that very tenuous rings exist along the orbital
paths of the Martian moons Phobos and Deimos. This is speculated to have
caused certain abnormalities in the solar wind, as reported by space probes
crossing these orbits.
Satellites (Moons) –
Mars has two moons, Phobos and Deimos, which are thought to be
captured asteroids. Both satellites were discovered in 1877 by Asaph Hall,
and are named after the characters Phobos (panic/fear) and Deimos
(terror/dread) who, in Greek mythology, accompanied their father Ares,
god of war, into battle. Ares was known as Mars to the Romans.
Composition –
Core Composition: You see in the core of mars scientists have found a
new element. When there are earthquakes on mars it shifts the black
matter in space due to lack of atmosphere. This causes a brief distortion of
Earth’s atmosphere. This leads scientists to believe that the core of mars is
equivalent to its atmosphere. This means the core would be made of gas,
which isn't possible because of earthquakes. so, scientists have
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_Mars_composition_of_the_coreconcl
uded that mars' core is made of a pure, solid mix of argon and co2.
Surface Composition: Composition & Structure: 95.32
percent carbon dioxide, 2.7 percent nitrogen, 1.6 percent argon, 0.13
percent oxygen, 0.08 percent carbon monoxide, minor amounts of water,
nitrogen oxide, neon, hydrogen-deuterium-oxygen, krypton, xenon.
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Atmosphere – List the major and minor gases:
The atmosphere of Mars is relatively thin and is composed mostly of
carbon dioxide (95.32%). There has been interest in studying its
composition since the detection of trace amounts of methane, which may
indicate the presence of life on Mars, but may also be produced by a
geochemical process, volcanic or hydrothermal activity.
Major Gases: made mostly of carbon dioxide
Minor Gases:
Composition
95.32%
2.7%
1.6%
0.13%
0.07%
0.03%
trace
carbon dioxide
nitrogen
argon
oxygen
carbon monoxide
water vapor
neon, krypton, xenon,
ozone, methane
Surface Conditions:
Wind speeds: 30 m/sec (108 km/hr, 67 mi/hr) average, 80 m/sec (288
km/hr, 179 mi/hr
Temperature Ranges: Mars'
temperature ranges from -220 ºF (-140 ºC) in the winters to an upwards of
70 ºF (20 ºC) in the summers.
The average temperature is around -81 ºF (-63 ºC).
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Surface Pressure: "The pressure of Mars's atmosphere varies with the
season, ranging from 6 to 10 millibars (1 millibar is approximately one onethousandth of the air pressure at the surface of Earth)."
Weather : Mars is dry, cold, and clear. In the summer daytime
temperatures at the equator can be as warm as 20 C. Nice short sleeve
weather and comfortable for most activity. That same night, temperatures
can drop to -90 C. The 110 degree difference in one day can create warm
and cold temperature fronts that can lead to dust devils and dust storms
that can engulf the entire planet for weeks. Winter temperatures can stay
as low as -140 C. The carbon dioxide in the atmosphere freezes and
becomes dry ice. The Martian North Pole has a one meter layer of dry ice in
the winter, while the South Pole is covered by a permanent eight meter
deep layer.
It never rains on Mars because of the thin atmosphere and the lack of a
magnetosphere. A magnetosphere is not important for rain to be present,
but it is necessary to shield liquid water from solar radiation. Since the
Sun’s radiation and the solar wind are constantly bombarding the planet,
liquid water can not exist; therefore, rain can not form nor fall.
Occasionally, however, clouds do form and snow does fall. Clouds on Mars
are very small and wispy and the majority of them are formed by carbon
dioxide ice. Scientists believe that a few are compromised of small water
particles. Since Mars is so cold the water in these clouds could never fall as
rain, but can fall as snow in the upper atmosphere of the planet. Scientists
have only seen this a few times and have no evidence that the snow ever
reaches the ground.
The most dramatic version of Mars weather is the dust storm. They occur
frequently because of the temperature gradient on the planet and because
the surface is covered in light dust that is easily picked up by wind. Scientist
feared that these storms would cover a rover’s solar panels, making it
impossible for long term study of the planet. Fortunately, the storms are
interspersed by wind that simply blows accumulated dust off of the panels.
It seems that Mars weather is as helpful as it is a hindrance.
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Water –
There is water on Mars. More specifically, there is ice in and on the ground
(especially at the polar caps) and water vapor in the atmosphere. There
may be liquid water underground, but liquid water on the surface is
probably very rare and only temporary, requiring weather conditions
(temperatures above freezing, high humidity, and high barometric
atmospheric pressure) which never occur in most places on Mars, and
occur only rarely in others.
Terraforming –
We need the atmosphere to be thinker. Needs to be warmer. Need to have
more water
This is the Mars Mania team’s work. This is not for you to turn in only for you to learn, please do
NOT copy our work!!!!!!!!
This is the Mars Mania team’s work. This is not for you to turn in only for you to learn, please do
NOT copy our work!!!!!!!!