Download Classical music (solucionario)

CLASSICAL MUSIC: TEACHER’S GUIDE
1. INTRODUCTION
ACTIVITY 2
Simple – complex
Plain – colored
Balanced – imbalanced
Sudden – progressive
Contrast – equality
Regular – irregular
Clarity – difficulty
2. CLASSICAL MUSIC
ACTIVITY 3
Answer: change
ACTIVITY 4
1. Classical
2. Baroque
3. Baroque
4. Classical
5. Baroque
6. Baroque
7. Classical
8. Baroque
9. Baroque
10. Classical
11. Baroque
12. Baroque
13. Classical
14. Baroque
15. Classical
Material AICLE. 2º de ESO:
Classical Music (Solucionario)
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2.1. VOCAL MUSIC
ACTIVITY 1
- Courts: The place where kings live
- Baroque: 1600-1750
- Dramatic: Tragic, sad
- Wealth: Possessions
- Classical: 1750-1820
- compositional styles: The personal way that composers create their works
- artificial: Not natural
- comic: Funny
- acts: Parts in which operas are divided, usually three
- libretto: The text of an opera
- technical requirements: Specific needs of a field
- spread: Extend
- resembled: Remind
- operatic: Something related to opera Baroque: 1600-1750
ACTIVITY 2
Text to read aloud:
At the end of the Baroque era, operas were spectacular, dramatic shows performed in
courts to demonstrate royal and aristocratic power and wealth. In the Classical period
composers decided to change their compositional styles to make serious opera less
artificial. The composer who started this reform was Gluck.
Meanwhile, the lower social classes had their own musical theatre, with comic scenes
between acts. These scenes, called intermezzi, developed into a new form of opera:
the comic opera, also named opera buffa. It involved a comic libretto, and less technical
requirements for singers. This new style spread over Europe very soon, adopting different
names and forms in different countries. Mozart and Rossini composed buffa.
Religious music resembled operatic music. In fact, most of the composers who wrote
church music were also opera composers.
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Material AICLE. 2º de ESO:
Classical Music (Solucionario)
2.2. INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC
ACTIVITY 1
In a rondo, there are different sections, but the number is not
fixed. There is one section (named A) which is the chorus. This
section appears after every new section with no changes. The
other sections (named B, C, D, etc.) are different between each
other.
FORM: ABACADA….
RONDO FORM
THEME AND VARIATIONS
This is a three part structure with the opening part (A) repeated
at the end, and a different middle section (B).
FORM: ABA
TERNARY FORM
EXPOSITION
B
FORM: A SONATA FORM
This form does not have a definite number of sections. There is
a main theme named A. The other sections are variations of A,
which means they are based on A, but changing different things
in every section.
FORM: A, A1, A2, A3…
DEVELOPMENT
FORM: A+B
In this first section of the sonata, the main themes are presented.
The first theme (named A) is usually lively and rhythmic. It is
followed by a linking section called “the bridge”. After the bridge,
theme B appears; it is normally more melodic than the first one,
and written in another key. Normally, the whole exposition is
repeated so that it becomes familiar for the listener.
In this central section, the composer “develops” both themes
from the exposition. This means that melodic or rhythmic motifs
of those themes appear now combined with new ones.
RECAPITULATION In the final section, both themes from the exposition appear
again, now written in the same key. At the very end, sometimes
FORM: A B
an extra section called coda appears to conclude the movement.
Material AICLE. 2º de ESO:
Classical Music (Solucionario)
5
ACTIVITY 2
Suggested pieces of music:
Piece 1: Rondo
Sonata No. 8 op. 13 “Pathetique”, 3rd movement. Beethoven.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qRkr7WgQ_Y4
Piece 2: Theme and Variations
Sonata KV 331 in A Major, 1st movement. Mozart.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=czu0dWi3oZM&p=F3122F397638FFF2&playnext=1&index=17
Piece 3: Ternary form
Symphony 39 in E flat Major, 3rd movement Minuet-Trio. Mozart
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2hW3dqtM4x0&p=861A13F210BD1267&playnext=1&index=35
Piece 4: Sonata form
Symphony No. 5 in C minor, Op. 67. Beethoven
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ivvn04Zdxt4
ACTIVITY 4
Suggested pieces of music:
Piece 1: Concerto
Concerto in A Major K 622 for clarinet and orchestra, 1st movement. Mozart
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lOxX0xGTOyE
Piece 2: Symphony
Symphony No. 6 Pastorale, 1st movement. Beethoven.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iELv7xDocGU
Piece 3: Sonata
Sonata for violin and piano Op. 30 No. 1. Beethoven
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-WM2Rc-IdM4
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Material AICLE. 2º de ESO:
Classical Music (Solucionario)
ACTIVITY 5
TEXT:
The orchestra started to change during the 18th century. In the strings section, the violins
often played the main melodies. In the woodwind section the flutes continued to be
important. In the brass section, two trumpets helped the French horns. In the percussion
section, the timpani gave resonance to the bass sounds. In the strings section, the cellos
were supported by the smaller violas, and double basses were also included in many
symphonies, performing the same line as the cellos at an octave lower. In the woodwind
section, the oboes and the clarinets accompanied the flutes.
2.3. CLASSICAL COMPOSERS
ACTIVITY 2
MOZART
Mozart wrote 21 piano concertos and five violin concertos
His father, Leopold, was a violinist and a court composer
His full name was Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Mozart wrote 41 symphonies
In the beginning, Mozart was very famous and his works were very celebrated
Mozart died in 1791 in Vienna
Mozart was born in Salzburg in 1756
His last piece was a Requiem Mass, and he died before he finished it
Mozart started to learn keyboard and composition at the age of four
Mozart composed his first opera at the age of 11
Mozart travelled around Europe with his sister Nannerl giving concerts
in different courts
One of Mozart’s pupils finished the Requiem Mass
From childhood, it was clear that Mozart was a prodigy
Mozart was buried in a communal grave
Mozart’s life turned out to be full of debt, unpopularity and sickness
Mozart composed many operas, some of the most famous are “Don Giovanni” and
“The Marriage of Figaro”
His last opera was “The Magic Flute”
Mozart died at the age of 35 because of an unknown illness
Material AICLE. 2º de ESO:
Classical Music (Solucionario)
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BEETHOVEN
Beethoven composed nine symphonies
Beethoven’s music was the bridge between the Classical and the Romantic eras
Beethoven was born in Bonn, Germany, in 1770
Beethoven’s first name was Ludwig
His father wanted Beethoven to become the “new Mozart”, so he used to say that
Beethoven was younger than he really was
The fourth movement of his ninth symphony – The Choral- is well known all around
the world
He composed 32 piano sonatas, one of the most famous is Moonlight Sonata
Beethoven’s father was also a musician, and he used to drink a lot
Beethoven composed only one opera called Fidelio
Beethoven never married, nor had children
Beethoven died in Vienna in 1827 after a painful illness
Beethoven became deaf at the end of his life, but he continued composing
He had a difficult childhood
Beethoven was one of the first composers who were appreciated by the public within
his own lifetime
His career is usually divided in three periods
The third period of his career is the most original and expressive
His last opera was “The Magic Flute”
1. REVIEW ACTIVITY
ACTIVITY 1
1) SONATA
2) SALZBURG
3) CLARINET
4) BUFA
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Material AICLE. 2º de ESO:
Classical Music (Solucionario)