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Final Bio Exam Practice Name: 1. Date: Which concept is part of the modern evolutionary theory, but not Darwin's original theory? A. Variations in traits are caused by mutation and recombination. B. Species tend to produce more o spring than can survive. C. Better adapted individuals survive to produce o spring. 4. D. The environment is responsible for eliminating less t individuals. 2. A. development from a common ancestor B. development in similar environments C. separate development merging to a common form D. similar reactions to environmental stress 5. In recent years, certain strains of ies have been observed to be resistant to the e ects of the insecticide DDT. Although the variation for resistance was probably present in the y population prior to the use of DDT, the adaptive value of the genetic trait did not become apparent until Evidence of the changes in a species' physical characteristics over long geological periods can best be shown through a study of A. the homologous structures of present-day species B. comparative biochemistry the fossil record A. acquired traits were inherited C. B. the pesticide was introduced into the environment D. comparative embryology C. interbreeding between di erent occurred y species 6. D. the pesticide was chemically analyzed 3. The wing of a bat, arm of a man, and ipper of a whale have similar internal structures. Even though these structures have diverse functions, their similarities suggest In an environment, barriers prevent an organism from entering other environments. This phenomenon illustrates the concept of A. punctuated equilibrium B. geographic isolation C. genetic variation According to Darwin's theory of natural selection, the individuals that tend to survive are those that have A. characteristics their parents acquired by use and disuse B. undergone mutations C. the smallest number of o spring D. variations best suited to the environment D. natural selection page 1 7. The observation by Darwin that nches belonging to di erent species on the Galapagos Islands have many similar physical characteristics supports the conclusion that these nches A. have the ability to interbreed B. acquired traits through use and disuse C. occupy the same niche on the same island 9. The graph shown illustrates changes in the percentages of two varieties of a certain species. D. originated from a common ancestor 8. Which variety will contribute signi cantly to the future of the species gene pool? Several thousand years ago a large ock of migrating hawks was driven from its normal route by a severe storm. The birds scattered and found refuge on two distant islands, as shown on the map. The environment of island A is very similar to the hawk's original nesting ground. The environment of island B is very di erent from that of island A. The hawks have survived on these islands to the present day with no migration between the populations. Which statement most accurately predicts the present-day condition of these island hawk populations? A. variety A, only B. variety B, only C. both variety A and B D. neither variety A nor variety B 10. Which are two factors that change gene frequencies in a population? A. no mutations and large populations B. no migration and no mutations C. large populations and random mating D. mutations and nonrandom mating A. The hawks that landed on island A have evolved more than those on island B. B. The hawks that landed on island B have evolved more than those on island A. C. The population on islands A and B have identical mutant genes. 11. D. Hawks on island A have undergone extensive speciation. Favorable adaptations are genetic characteristics that A. cannot be passed on to the next generation B. are acquired by increased use of an organ C. reduce the organism's chances of survival D. improve the organism's chances of survival page 2 Final Bio Exam Practice 12. Di erences between the members of a population will most likely be passed to future generations if they are A. due to genetic changes and result in unfavorable variations B. due to genetic changes and result in favorable variations C. not due to genetic changes and result in unfavorable variations 15. D. not due to genetic changes and result in favorable variations 13. The parts on the diagram that together represent a nucleotide are A. A, B, and C B. B, C, and D C. A, C, and D 16. What is the relationship between an organism's DNA and protein speci city? A. DNA becomes a speci c part of the protein structure. B. DNA determines the ribosomal RNA sequence that becomes part of the protein structure. C. DNA determines which RNA molecules are incorporated into protein molecules. A. serve as a template for the synthesis of messenger RNA B. carry a code determined by the original DNA molecule from the nucleus to the cytoplasm C. pick up and transfer speci c amino acids to the cytoplasm D. pick up and transfer nucleic acids to the nucleus D. A, B, and D 14. If the diagram represents a part of the process of protein synthesis, strand A would 17. D. DNA determines the amino acid sequence of each protein. page 3 During protein synthesis, amino acids in the cytoplasm are picked up by molecules of A. transfer RNA B. messenger RNA C. mitochondrial DNA D. nuclear DNA The sequence of nitrogen bases on a portion of a strand of DNA is A-T-G-C-A-A. Which sequence best represents the portion of the messenger RNA strand that encodes this information? A. T-A-G-C-T-T B. U-A-G-C-U-U C. A-U-G-C-A-A D. U-A-C-G-U-U Final Bio Exam Practice 18. The diagram represents molecules invovled in protein synthesis. 20. Which processes are indicated by letters A and B ? A. meiotic cell division and fertilization B. mitotic cell division and fertilization C. meiotic cell division and cleavage D. mitotic cell division and cleavage 21. Where do the chemical reactions that are coded for by molecule 2 take place? 19. A. in the vacuole B. on the plasma membrane C. in the lysosome Which diagram illustrates fertilization that would most likely lead to the development of a normal human female? A. B. D. at ribosomes C. Messenger RNA (mRNA) Codes for Selected Amino Acids D. Amino Acid Leucine Arginine mRNA Code C–G–A Phenylalanine U–U–U Lysine A–A–A Valine 22. C–C–A G–U–U Which amino acid will be carried to a ribosome by a transfer RNA molecule containing the triplet code A–A–A? A. valine B. C. leucine D. phenylalanine The diagram shown represents a microscopic structure observed during the process of cell division. Letter A indicates a A. nucleolus B. ribosome C. centriole D. centromere lysine 23. Which is a characteristic of the group of diseases known as cancer? A. uncontrolled cell division B. the formation of only monoploid cells C. meiotic cell division in body cells D. the rapid formation of zygotes page 4 Final Bio Exam Practice 24. Which diagram below represents a plant cell close to the nal stage of mitotic cell division? B. A. C. 25. 27. D. 28. In a certain species of meadowmouse, dark coat color is dominant over cream coat color. If heterozygous dark-coated male mice are mated with cream-coated female mice, what would be the expected percentage of phenotypes in their o spring? A. 25% dark coated, 75% cream coated B. 50% dark coated, 50% cream coated C. 75% dark coated, 25% cream coated 29. Shown is a pedigree chart. The chart shows that Sally is a carrier for red-green color blindness. Which is most likely the chromosomal makeup of George's body cells? A. 11 pairs of autosomes and one X-chromosome B. 11 pairs of autosomes and one Y-chromosome C. 22 pairs of autosomes and two X-chromosomes A. I A i and I B I B B. I B I B and I A I A C. I A i and I B i D. I A I B and ii Color blindness is a sex-linked trait carried on the X-chromosome. If a colorblind woman marries a man with normal vision, which will most probably be true of their children? A. All of their sons will be colorblind and all of their daughters will have normal vision. B. All of the sons and daughters will be colorblind. C. About half of their sons and half of their daughters will be colorblind. D. All of their daughters will be colorblind and all of their sons will have normal vision. D. 100% dark coated 26. A person with type O blood marries a person with type AB blood. Possible blood genotypes of their children are Siamese cats have a genotype for dark fur, but the enzymes that produce the dark coloring function best at temperatures below the cat's normal body temperature. A siamese cat usually has darker fur on its ears, nose, paws, and tail, because these parts have a lower temperature than the rest of its body. If a Siamese cat spends much time outdoors during very cold weather, darker fur grows in other places on its body. Which statement is supported by these observations? A. Phenotype is in uenced by both heredity and environment. B. Phenotype is usually determined by the environment, only. C. Genotype always has a greater in uence than environment. D. Genotype is in uenced by both heredity and environment. D. 22 pairs of autosomes, an X-chromosome, and a Y-chromosome page 5 Final Bio Exam Practice 30. A cross between two plants that have pink owers produced plants that have red, pink, or white owers. Which is the most likely explanation for these results? A. Intermediate inheritance involved alleles that were not clearly dominant or recessive. B. Mutations occurred during gametogenesis. C. Crossing-over of white and red alleles occurred during meiosis. D. Nondisjunction of homologous pairs of chromosomes resulted in the production of abnormal o spring. page 6 Final Bio Exam Practice Problem-Attic format version 4.4.178 c 2011–2013 EducAide Software _ Licensed for use by Robert Ulrich Terms of Use at www.problem-attic.com Final Bio Exam Practice 05/21/2013 1. Answer: A 20. Answer: A 2. Answer: B 21. Answer: A 3. Answer: B 22. Answer: D 4. Answer: A 23. Answer: A 5. Answer: C 24. Answer: D 6. Answer: D 25. Answer: B 7. Answer: D 26. Answer: D 8. Answer: B 27. Answer: C 9. Answer: A 28. Answer: A 10. Answer: D 29. Answer: A 11. Answer: D 30. Answer: A 12. Answer: B 13. Answer: A 14. Answer: D 15. Answer: C 16. Answer: A 17. Answer: D 18. Answer: D 19. Answer: D