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AP Biology Saturday Session 3 Evolution as a Process Session 3 – Change over Time Question 1 C Clue: clear-cutting & enhanced Succession (Mount St. Helens, WA) Stages of Succession Pioneer stage, with fireweed dominant Dryas stage 60 Soil nitrogen (g/m2) 50 40 30 20 10 0 Pioneer Dryas Alder Spruce Successional stage Nitrogen fixation by Dryas and alder increases the soil nitrogen content. Spruce stage Possible source of secondary succession (Forest fire destroys the forest) Primary Succession (Remember Hawaii?) Primary Succession (Pioneer species) Primary Succession Primary succession Primary Succession Climax Community (Hawaii today) Question 2 A Clue: shallower = more recent Fossil Formation using water, sediment, and long periods of time Question 3 C Stanley Miller and Harold Urey experimental set up CH4 Water vapor Electrode Condenser Cold water H2 O Cooled water containing organic molecules Sample for chemical analysis Question 4 D DNA Chromosomes mRNA from DNA Question 5 B Clue: took advantage Question 6 A Math Grid In solution • Step 1: 100% ÷ 8 = 12.5% • Step 2: Time 0 = 100% = 0 years First Half life = 50% = 5,730 years Second Half life = 25% = 5,730 years Third Half life = 12.5% = 5,730 years Adds up to: 17,190 years Short Free Response 1 4 points possible Possible points awarded for: Discussion of the Endosymbiotic Hypothesis proposing a method for eukaryotic cells to evolve, over time, from prokaryotic cells that formed symbiotic relationships. (1 pt.) 3 Possible facts : Each possesses its own DNA 1 pt. each Reproduces by binnary fission Each has its own ribosomes Each can generate energy. Short Free Response 2 4 points possible Discussion of amino acids needed to make proteins (work horse molecules) and nucleic acids storing information. (1 pt.) Discussion of using environments energy to make larger complex molecules for building structures. (1 pt.) Discussion of RNA/DNA being used for reproduction and information storage. (1 pt.) Discussion of membranes needed to hold cell together and form a separate internal space. (1 pt.)
