Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Ancient Greek literature wikipedia , lookup
Direct democracy wikipedia , lookup
Thebes, Greece wikipedia , lookup
Prostitution in ancient Greece wikipedia , lookup
Spartan army wikipedia , lookup
Greco-Persian Wars wikipedia , lookup
Athenian democracy wikipedia , lookup
Ch 4, Sec 4: The Age of Pericles Objectives • Understand how Athens became very powerful and more democratic during the reign of Pericles. • Explain the roles of Athenian men and women. • Explain why Sparta and Athens went to war for control of Greece. Delian League • A group of city-states formed an alliance • Joined together to defend Greece from further Persian attacks • Sparta did not join • Athens controlled the group – Ended up becoming an Athenian Empire in Greece – Sent army to citystates to overthrow nobles Direct Democracy vs. Representative Democracy • Direct Democracy: – Every citizen gets to vote on government issues – Greek system – Good for small governments • Representative Democracy: – Citizens elect officials to vote on government issues – American system – Good for large governments Greek Assemblies in a Direct Democracy • All male citizens voted (averaged 6,000 per meeting) • Took place every 10 days • Passed laws • Elected officials • Made war decisions • 10 generals carried out their laws/decisions Pericles • Top general in the assembly (for 30 years) • Held control of the Delian League • Made lots of enemies with other city-states • Allowed the poor men to run for office • Started paying gov’t officials • Rebuilt most of Athens after the Persian Wars • Supported the arts/philosophers (free thinkers) Who lived in Athens in 400 B.C. • • • • 285,000 residents 150,000 citizens 35,000 foreigners 100,000 slaves Farming and Trade • • • • Raised sheep and goats Grew grains, vegies, and fruit locally Grew grapes and olives to trade Athens became the center of trade for the empire – Imported grain – Exported pottery, jewelry, and art Daily life of men • Worked in the morning • Assembly meetings in the afternoon • Drank, ate, and discussed politics/philosophy at night with other men Daily life of women • Girls married at 14-15 years old • Poor women worked in the fields with the men • Upper class women stayed at home to take care of the family • Could only leave the house with a male relative • Could not own land or vote Aspasia • • • • • • Non-native Athenian woman Had special rights Well educated Taught public speaking Helped Pericles with problems/ideas Influenced politicians and philosophers Peloponnesian War • 431-404 B.C. • Athens’ behavior caused tension with the rest of Greece • Sparta got the city-states to join them to fight Athens and formed the Peloponnesian War Funeral Oration of Pericles • Athens had a public funeral to honor the dead of the Peloponnesian War of year 1 • Pericles spoke about honor, duties of citizenship, and rights of the Greeks • Inspired Athenians to continue fighting Athens reacts to the start of war • Sparta and allies surround Athens • Pericles had all Athenians move inside the city walls • Athens’ navy delivered supplies without being stopped • Disease spread through the city killing 1/3 of the people Sparta makes a deal!!! • • • • Sparta made an alliance with Persia Persia gave Sparta money to built a navy Sparta gave Persia land in Asia Minor Athens lost control by 405 B.C. and surrendered to Sparta Results of the Peloponnesian War • Greek unity was destroyed • Farms and population were destroyed • Many people had no jobs • Sparta lost control within 30 years • Macedonia, north of Greece, would creep in to take over most of the empire