Download (Questions 1-10) Write the letter of the answer that best complet

NAME: _______________________________
CHEMISTRY I
CHAPTER 4 #4
(Questions 1-10) Write the letter of the answer that best completes the statement or answers the
question.
_____ 1.
Which of the following determines the identity of an element?
A. atomic number B. mass number C. atomic mass D. overall charge
_____ 2.
Which statement about protons is true?
A.
Protons have a mass of
1 amu.
1840
B.
Protons have no charge.
C.
Protons are part of the nucleus of the atom.
D.
Protons circle the nucleus of an atom.
_____ 3.
Isotopes exist because atoms of the same element can have different numbers of
A. protons
B. neutrons C. electrons. D. none of the above
_____ 4.
Which of the following statements in Dalton’s atomic theory was shown to be
incorrect by the results of Thomson’s cathode-ray tube experiment?
A.
All substances are made of atoms.
B.
Atoms are small particles that cannot be created, divided, or destroyed.
C.
Atoms of the same element are exactly alike, and atoms of different
elements are different.
D.
Atoms join with other atoms to make new substances.
_____ 5.
Which particles make up a nucleus?
A.
electrons and neutrons
B.
protons and neutrons
C.
protons and neutrons
D.
electrons, protons, and neutrons
_____ 6.
If a boron atom has 5 protons, 6 neutrons, and 5 electrons, it has a mass number of
A. 11
B. 10
C. 6
D. 5
_____ 7.
The current model of the atom suggests that
A.
electron clouds surround the nucleus
B.
protons clouds surround the nucleus
C.
electrons travel in definite paths around the nucleus
D.
the exact path of a moving electron can be predicted
_____ 8.
Which of the following scientists discovered the nucleus?
A. Dalton
B. J.J. Thomson
C. Rutherford D. Bohr
_____ 9.
How many oxygen atoms are there in Al2(SO4)3?
A. 2
B. 3
C. 7
D. 12
E. 14
_____10.
An atom of 214Pb undergoes beta particle decay. Which of the following isotopes
does it become?
A. 21080Hg
B. 21483Bi
C. 21481Tl
D. 21482Pb
11.
What is the most abundant element on the earth (including the crust,
oceans, and atmosphere)? _________________________
12.
Where do the radioactive particles come from during nuclear reactions? _________
13.
When an unstable nucleus produces an alpha particle, by how many units does the atomic
number of the nucleus change? ___________
Does the atomic number increase or decrease? _________
14.
How is it possible for the fission of 23592U, once started, to lead t o a chain reaction?
15.
Compare and contrast nuclear fission and fusion.
16.
What does it mean to say that fissionable material possesses a critical mass?
Can a chain reaction occur when a sample has less than the critical mass? Explain your
answer.
17.
What are some reasons why no practical fusion reaction has been developed yet?
18.
Silicon-31 has a half-life of 2.5 hours. If we begin with a sample containing 1000 mg of
Si-31, what is the approximate amount remaining after 10 hours?
(Questions 19-22) Supply the missing particle in the following:
19.
_________
20.
137
57La
21.
131
22.
201
80Hg
+
I ----
+
-------
0
-1e
210
Po +
----
131
54Xe
4
2He
_________
+
0
0γ
+ ________
______ ------
201
79Au
(Questions 23-26) Write a balanced nuclear reaction for the following:
23.
iodine-136 decays by beta particle production
24.
210
25.
thorium-230 decays by alpha particle production
26.
lead-214 emits a beta particle
27.
Sodium-24 is used as a radiotracer. It has a half-life of 14.8 hours. What fraction of an
administered dose of sodium-24 would remain in the body after 3.0 days?
28.
If gold-189 has a half-life of 2.7 days, how long would it take for 1 mg of gold to become
1/8 as radioactive as it was at the beginning of an experiment?
Po emits an alpha particle and 2 gamma rays
MORE QUESTIONS ON THE BACK
(Questions 29-34) Complete the following table: You need to fill in the blanks with the
italicized numbers.
SYMBOL
PROTONS
NEUTRONS
MASS NUMBER
32
15P
29. ________
30. ________
32
31. __________
107
33. __________
61
47
27. __________
27Co
52V
32. _________
23
29
34. __________