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Year 8, unit 3 Cells Name: .......................................................................... Class: .......................... Date: ...................... Lesson 4: Cell structure and function Extension worksheet: Structure and function have an influence on each other The structure of a cell helps it carry out its function and the function of a cell helps it to develop a suitable structure. Let’s have a look at the cells of the skin to illustrate this. New skin cells constantly form in the lower epidermis (top layer of the skin). At this stage, they all look round. As the cells age over the next 1–2 months, they move to the outer surface of the skin where the environment is different and so they change shape (become flatter) and produce keratin, to help cope with the outside world. Flatter cells make a less bulky, thin, top layer and since these cells function as a protective layer, the fibrous keratin makes it unpalatable to potential invading organisms. Thus, the function of the epidermis promotes the structure of the individual cells. See the following website for the change in structure of epidermal skin cells. ‘Structure of skin cells’, ABPI website, http://www.abpischools.org.uk/page/modules/skin/skin2.cfm?coSiteNavigation_allTopi c=1 (2013). Try answering Question 1. a) – f) on this webpage and check your answers. Again, the structure of a cell helps it carry out its function and the function of a cell helps it to develop a suitable structure. We will look at how this two-way statement is demonstrated in human blood cells and in plant gametes – pollen (male) and ovule (female). Use the following websites to help complete the table on the next page: 1. ‘Blood cell histology’, University of Nebraska, Omaha website, http://www.unomaha.edu/hpa/blood.html (August 1997) 2. ‘Plant reproduction and diversity’, University of Illinois, Chicago website, http://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/lecturesf04am/lect18.htm (2004). Scroll down to the ‘Evolution of pollen and seeds’ section. © 2013 Australian Science Innovations. You may copy, distribute and adapt this material free of charge for non-commercial educational purposes, provided you retain all copyright notices and acknowledgements. 1 Year 8, unit 3 Cells Name: ........................................................................... Class: .......................... Date: ....................... Cell type Erythrocyte Structure impacts on function Function modifies structure Eosinophil Monocyte Pollen Ovule © 2013 Australian Science Innovations. You may copy, distribute and adapt this material free of charge for non-commercial educational purposes, provided you retain all copyright notices and acknowledgements. 2