Download Student Name: Robyn Begalke 1045075 Nursing Assessment Form

Student Name: Robyn Begalke
1045075
Nursing Assessment Form
Client Name: J.M.
Medical Diagnosis: SEE PATHOLOGY RECORD
Client Perception of Health Needs: Assistance with ADL’s and hygiene.
Client Goals for Health: To be assisted with toileting to avoid being incontinent.
Allergies
(food,
medication,
environmental)
No known allergies.
Medications
Dietary
considerations
Vital Signs
SEE MEDICATION RECORD
-
T 36.2
diet cut up, scheduled HS snack
refused assist table
fluids are regular (thin)
1 person assist for set up and supervision
provide intermittent encouragement to improve consumption
P 62
HEALTH ASSESSMENT DATA
Physiological Variable
R 12
BP 118/60
O2 sats
92%
Pain rating 0
Student Name: Robyn Begalke
1045075
HEALTH ASSESSMENT DATA
General Appearance/Mental State:
Female, 90 years old. English speaking.
Pleasant and quiet, doesn’t maintain eye
contact when in conversation. Prefers to wear
lipstick, have her hair combed in a specific
way, likes to dress nicely and doesn’t like
slippers/shoes. Lays/sits stiffly and isn’t able
to reposition herself. Dry skin on legs and feet
bilaterally. Oriented to person, place and time.
Cooperative and enjoys attention from health
care team. Speaks coherently and often. Likes
to attend community activities and enjoys
company. GCS of 15 but suffers from
dementia and depression. Occasionally
confused.
Cardiovascular System:
- Has been diagnosed with congestive
heart failure, atrial fibrillation,
dyslipidemia and benign hypertension
- On anticoagulant therapy to minimize
risk of clot formation
- No bruising or signs of bleeding noted
- BP: 118/60, P: 62 weak and irregular
- Apical pulse 62, strong and irregular
- S1 and S2 sounds identified on all
cardio sites with no additional sounds
noted, but muffled and slow
- Popliteal, dorsalis pedis and posterior
tibial pulses unpalpable bilaterally
- All extremities warm to touch
- Capillary refill < 3 seconds on upper
and lower extremities bilaterally
- Mild pitting edema to right foot < 2
seconds
Student Name: Robyn Begalke
1045075
HEALTH ASSESSMENT DATA
Respiratory System:
- 12 respirations per minute deep and
unlaboured
- SPO2 of 92% on room air
- Lung sounds clear in right and left
upper lobes
- Fine crackles noted in right middle
lobe and right and left lower lobes
bilaterally
- Symmetrical chest expansion
- Bronchial, bronchovesicular and
vesicular sounds heard
- Slight labour in breathing after too
many deep breaths in a short period of
time
- No cough noted
Gastrointestinal System:
- Patient eats well, usually over 75% of
her meal
- Patient eats better with company and
enjoys her meal mates
- Appears hydrated, skin turgor < 2
seconds, no tenting noted, mucous
membranes and lips moist
- Has natural teeth
- Hyperactive bowel sounds in all 4
quadrants, high pitched
- History of frequent constipation and
refuses suppository, but is able to go
with adequate fluid intake and prune
juice
- Abdomen distended but soft on
palpation
- Has bowel incontinence and wears a
large brief
Urinary System:
- Incontinent of urination and wears
large sized brief
- No distension of the bladder
- Usually voids x 2 per shift
- Drinks well when offered hot water
- Urine is clear light yellow
- Has history of UTI’s
Sensory Systems:
- Wears eyeglasses on a regular basis
- No hearing aid and doesn’t show any
significant signs of hearing deficit
- Has no signs of peripheral neuropathy
- Speech is slightly delayed but is able to
speak and comprehend well
- Reports some occasional nerve pain in
the lower extremities
Student Name: Robyn Begalke
1045075
HEALTH ASSESSMENT DATA
Nervous System:
Integumentary System:
- Alert and oriented to person, place and
- Skin pink and warm to touch
time
- Thin, dry hair
- GCS of 15
- Skin turgor of < 2 seconds and no
- Pupil size approximately 2mm, equal
tenting noted
and reactive
- Many moles everywhere
- No paralysis and has feeling in all
- Has a rash under breasts from moisture
extremities
- Patient has a braden score of 16: mild
- Occasionally confused due to dementia
risk
but is more often aware of
- Is often moist in her brief and can only
surroundings and situation
make small positional adjustments
without assistance
Musculoskeletal System:
- Limited mobility
- Limited ROM
- Has suffered a fracture to the right
femur and tibia with a right sided knee
replacement
- Is very stiff in the mornings
- Is able to sit up without much
assistance but is unable to move limbs
on her own
- Unable to weight bear or walk
- Requires full assistance with dressing,
toileting, and is a mechanical lift
transfer
- Requires assistance in getting around
in wheelchair, cannot use feet or arms
to move herself
- Has history of falls
- Weak against resistance
Endocrine System:
- Patient is able to regulate hormones
naturally
Reproductive System:
- Post menopausal
- Has no symptoms that would indicate
reproductive system pathology
- Has two sons and a daughter
- “Too many grandchildren to count”
Client Resuscitation Status:
MI: interventions appropriate excluding
resuscitation and ICU care, transfer to acute
care is considered if appropriate, surgery is
considered with aim at symptom relief,
deterioration should be discussed with family
and power of attorney
Student Name: Robyn Begalke
1045075
HEALTH ASSESSMENT DATA
Spiritual Variable (Environment)
- Client practices Pentecostal religion
- Enjoys going to church as evidenced
by her attending services often
- Taught Sunday school before
retirement
Developmental Variable (Environment)
- In Erickson’s stages of development,
patient is in ego-integrity vs. despair
- Hard to determine which end of the
continuum client is leaning towards,
diagnosed with depression and has
occasional spurts of sadness but
generally seems outwardly content
- Does not seem to be afraid of her
diagnoses
Sociological Variable (Environment)
Psychological Variable (Environment)
- Client enjoys to have company
- Suffers from dementia and depression
- Enjoys meal times with her table mates
- Enjoys interacting with others
- Spends time watching TV alone in her
- Has many photos of family in her room
room
- Takes pride in her appearance and
- Likes to have her door open but
enjoys wearing lipstick
occasionally feels self conscious when
- Feels self-conscious about herself and
neighbouring residents have visitors
her dependence on health care staff
- Daughter visits multiple times a week
to keep her company
Determinants of health impacting client’s health (Environment)
- Client is bed and wheelchair bound and cannot ambulate
- Inability to perform daily activities without extensive assistance
- At risk for falls, impaired skin integrity, emotional distress, loneliness, helplessness
Interdisciplinary Team Members
- Physician
- RN, LPN, SPN
- HCA
- Dietary
- Occupational therapy
- Pharmacy
- Family members (offspring), husband deceased
Student Name: Robyn Begalke
1045075
HEALTH ASSESSMENT DATA
Health Priorities
- To maintain fluid balance, skin integrity, adequate perfusion, blood pressure
- To stimulate the client to keep her occupied
- To protect the client from falls
- To ensure the client maintains adequate fluid intake to avoid dehydration related
complications
- To limit the risks for bleeding associated with anticoagulant therapy
- To keep pain to a minimum
- Avoid further decline in bladder control
Client Strengths
- Has a relatively happy outgoing demeanour and likes to be actively involved in
maintenance of health
- Very cooperative and trusting in health care staff
- Client is able to feed independently
- Is very polite to staff and other residents
- Can remember her past and the life she has lived/accomplishments she is proud of
- Is able to laugh and have fun in spite of her depression and dementia
Laboratory/Radiology Reports
Most recent April 16 2015
- RBC – L 97
- HCT – L 3.31
- Creatnine – H 117
- Pottassium H 5.2
- INR H 3.2
Student Name: Robyn Begalke
1045075
Pathophysiology Record
Must be written in your own words (i.e., as if teaching a patient)
Medical Diagnosis
Congestive Heart Failure
(CHF)
(Primary Diagnosis)
Atrial Fibrillation
(Secondary Diagnosis)
Pathophysiology
The heart is unable to pump
enough blood to sustain the
body’s requirements, the blood
moves through the body at a
slower rate and pressure in the
heart increases. The heart tries
to compensate by thickening its
walls to keep blood moving but
it causes the heart to become
weaker. This condition is
usually caused by damage to
the heart muscle. It is common
for an individual to present with
right sided or left sided failure.
The symptoms and
complications vary depending
on which side of the heart is
affected, but often failure in one
side of the heart leads to failure
in the other.
A heart condition causing
irregular heart beats or rhythm
known as an arrhythmia that
can cause a blood clot to form
due to irregular blood flow or
pooling in the upper chambers
Signs and Symptoms
Left sided CHF: shortness of
breath at rest and/or when
laying flat, cough, crackles in
the lungs, bloody sputum
Right sided CHF: pitting edema
in the extremities, weakness
Irregular fast heart rate,
palpitations or thumping in the
chest, chest pain, shortness of
breath, fatigue, dizziness, lightheadedness
Complications
Left sided CHF: buildup of
fluid in the lungs, decreased
urine output, arrhythmias,
hypertrophy of the heart and
lungs
Right sided CHF: buildup of
fluid in the abdomen, decreased
urine output, arrhythmias and
hypertrophy of the heart,
weight gain
Atrial fibrillation increases the
risk of a stroke due to the
increased risk of clot formation,
can cause heart failure, and can
also cause the heart muscle to
become weak.
Student Name: Robyn Begalke
of the heart.
Benign Hypertension
(Secondary Diagnosis)
Dyslipidemia
(Secondary Diagnosis)
Hypertension is consistent high
blood pressure of 140/90. It is
usually caused by an increase in
blood volume being pumped
throughout the body causing the
arteries to become less elastic.
Benign hypertension is usually
over a prolonged period of time
and escalates more slowly than
malignant hypertension. It is
generally asymptomatic, but
will likely cause similar
complications as malignant
hypertension and can present
with the same symptoms.
We have natural fats in our
body that are essential for
supplying and storing energy.
These fats are called lipids,
more commonly known as
cholesterol levels.
Dyslipidemia refers to an
abnormal amount of lipids in
our blood, either too high or too
low. With hyperlipidemia, the
lipids or fats can buildup in the
arteries that may lead to a
partial or full blockage that can
1045075
Headache, blurred vision,
nausea, weakness, confusion,
fatigue and change in mental
status
Cardiovascular disease, stroke,
damage to the heart, kidneys
and eyes.
Hyperlipidemia symptoms
include chest pain, cramping in
one or both calves while
walking, sores on the toes that
do not heal, sudden stroke like
symptoms including one side of
the face to droop, trouble
speaking, weakness of one arm
or leg, and loss of balance.
Hyperlipidemia or high
cholesterol can cause a
hardening of the arteries, a
buildup of fats that can cause
deficient blood flow and can
lead to a stroke or myocardial
infarction or heart attack.
Hypolipidemia symptoms are
few but include thin dry hair,
tooth deformity and
Hypolipidemia can cause a
deficiency in normal blood
clotting, inability to absorb and
use fat and vitamins, and
abnormalities in hormone
Student Name: Robyn Begalke
affect blood flow to the vital
organs, with hypolipidemia,
low lipid levels rarely cause a
problem, but can indicate the
prescense of another disorder.
1045075
malnutrition.
levels. It can also cause poor
wound healing, increased risk
for infection
Student Name: Robyn Begalke
Ineffective peripheral tissue
Client goal: Client will
perfusion related to inadequate maintain tissue perfusion to
distribution of circulating blood extremities.
volume secondary to
congestive heart failure as
Client outcome: Client will
evidenced by diminished
have no decline in peripheral
peripheral pulses and mild
perfusion and maintain mild
pitting edema in the lower
pitting edema of 1+ to lower
extremeties.
extremities bilaterally within
the next week.
1045075
1) Ensure the client
remains warm
throughout the day to
encourage blood flow.
(Day, Paul, Williams,
Smeltzer & Bare, 2010,
p. 926)
2) Sit with the client
during meal times to
promote and encourage
proper nutrition with
adequate protein and
vitamin intake, which is
essential for arterial
health. (Day et. al.,
2010, p. 926)
3) Ensure that the client
does not cross her feet
while in bed or in her
wheelchair. (Day, et. al.,
p. 927)
Goal ongoing, client has shown
no signs of worsening perfusion
including maintenance of
peripheral pulses and edema.
Intervention 1) Effective,
student nurse is able to ensure
that the client is always warm
enough by adding sweaters as
needed and ensuring that she
always has an extra one on her
chair. Ongoing.
Intervention 2) Effective,
student nurse is able to provide
encouragement at meal times
and has been able to promote
intake of nutrients. Ongoing.
Intervention 3) Effective,
student nurse is able to place a
pillow between her legs when
the client is in bed and redirects
her if she begins to cross her
feet in her chair. Ongoing.
Risk for imbalanced fluid
volume related to deficient
cardiac output secondary to
congestive heart failure and
daily administration of
diuretics.
Student Name: Robyn Begalke
Client goal: Client will maintain
a balanced fluid volume.
Client outcome: Client will
maintain urine output of > 30ml
per hour and demonstrate no
signs of dehydration throughout
the 2 weeks in my care.
1045075
1) Ensure adequate fluid
intake by client by
encouraging fluids.
(Potter & Perry, 2014,
p. 948)
2) Assessment of
hydration status
including urine,
mucous membranes,
skin turgor, blood
pressure and intake
patterns. (Potter &
Perry, 2014, p. 948)
3) “Obtain daily weight
measurements” which
may indicate extreme
fluid retention or loss.
(Potter & Perry, 2014,
p. 954)
Goal ongoing; client has shown
no signs of dehydration or fluid
overload in the past week but
will have to continue to
monitor over the upcoming
week.
Intervention 1) Effective,
student nurse is able to
encourage client to drink >
500ml of hot water per 8 hour
shift. Ongoing.
Intervention 2) Effective,
student nurse is able to assess
hydration status during AM
assessment and monitor vital
signs. Student nurse is also
able to collaborate with other
health care staff to determine
amount of fluid intake per
shift. Ongoing.
Intervention 3) Student nurse
has not been effective in this
intervention thus far but will
ensure to take daily weight
measurements beginning next
week. In progress.
Risk for bleeding
related to decreased
amount of clotting
factors in the blood as
evidenced by
anticoagulant therapy
and INR lab value.
Student Name: Robyn Begalke
Client goal: Client
1) Assess skin and gums for
will have no
bruising which may
incidence of
indicate a hematoma.
significant bleeding.
(Vallerand & Sanoski,
2013, p. 1274)
Client outcome:
Client will have no
2) Take all vitals before and
bruising or signs of
during administration of
bleeding in the next
anticoagulant including
week.
blood pressure and pulse
rate and rhythm. A low
BP and thready pulse
could indicate blood loss.
(Vallerand & Sanoski,
2013, p. 1274)
3) “Monitor stool and urine
for occult blood before
and periodically during
therapy” (Vallerand &
Sanoski, 2013, p. 1274)
1045075
Goal ongoing; client has shown no evidence of
bleeding thus far but will have to remain diligent in
monitoring for signs and symptoms over the next
week.
Intervention 1) Effective, student nurse is able to
watch for any bruising on the gums during AM oral
care and assess for skin bruising during morning
integumentary assessment. Ongoing.
Intervention 2) Effective, student nurse is able to
monitor vitals every morning to ensure that they
are within normal range for the client and that
anticoagulant therapy is therapeutic. Ongoing.
Intervention 3) Effective, student nurse is able to
monitor excretions during afternoon toileting.
Ongoing.
Student Name: Robyn Begalke
1045075
Medication Research Record
Ensure you relate the medication information to the appropriate medical diagnosis.
Please use lay terms as if you were teaching a patient.
Medication/Reason for
Medication Order
Citalopram
Metoprolol
Dosage/Safe Dose
Action as Related to
Medical Diagnosis
Dose Ordered: 30
Citalopram delays the
mg PO daily
break down of the
neurotransmitter or
Safe dose: 20 mg PO chemical in the brain
once daily initially,
that can affect mood,
may be increased to social behavior,
40mg PO once daily appetite and digestion
after 1 week
and sleep and
memory. The delay in
the breakdown of this
chemical decreases
the feelings of
depression.
Dose Ordered: 12.5
Metoprolol decreases
mg PO
the heart rate and
BID
decreases the amount
of oxygen needed to
Safe Dose: 25sustain the heart
100mg daily as a
while increasing the
single dose initially
oxygen delivery to
or two divided doses, the heart. Lowers
may be increased
blood pressure.
every 7 days as
needed up to
450mg/day
Common Side Effects
Nursing Implications
Confusion, drowsiness,
insomnia, weakness,
abdominal pain, anorexia,
nausea, diarrhea, dry mouth
Monitor mood changes
during therapy, monitor
electrolytes, reposition
slowly to minimize
dizziness, provide good oral
hygiene to avoid dry mouth,
watch for abnormal rhythm
that may lead to ventricular
fibrillation and serotonin
syndrome (agitation,
hallucinations, tachycardia)
Fatigue, weakness, anxiety,
depression, bradycardia,
pulmonary edema, diarrhea,
constipation,
hypo/hyperglycemia
Take apical pulse before
administering and withhold
if <50bpm, administer with
meals or directly after
eating, reposition patient
slowly to avoid orthostatic
hypotension, monitor for
dyspnea, bradycardia,
arrhythmias and wheezing.
Student Name: Robyn Begalke
(immediate release)
or 400mg (extended
release)
Sennosides
Dose ordered: 8.6mg
PO every bedtime
Safe dose: 12-50mg
1-2 times daily
Spironolactone
(Aldactone)
Dose ordered: 12.5
mg PO daily
Safe dose: HF: 2550mg PO daily
Telmisartan (Micardis)
Dose odered: 80mg
PO once daily
Safe dose: CV risk
reduction: 80mg PO
once daily
1045075
Increases the
accumulation of fluid
and
peristalsis(movement)
in the large intestine
resulting in increased
bowel movements
Cramping, diarrhea, nausea,
pink-red or black-brown
discoloration of urine,
electrolyte imbalance
Ensure sennosides are taken
with a full glass of water,
administer at bedtime, may
take 6-12 hours to take
effect, administer on an
empty stomach to speed up
onset
Promotes the
absorption of water
and sodium in the
kidneys to increase
urination
Dizziness, headache,
sedation, arrhythmias, GI
irritation, hyperkalemia,
hyponatremia
Dilates the blood
vessels causing a
decrease in blood
pressure
Dizziness, fatigue,
headache, hypotension,
hyperkalemia, abdominal
pain, diarrhea, impaired
renal function
Monitor intake and output
and weight daily, BP should
be monitored prior to
administration when
adjunctive to hypertension
therapy, assess frequently
for hyperkalemia
Reposition slowly to avoid
orthostatic hypotension,
encourage fluids, monitor
for signs of hyperkalemia
Acetaminophen
(Tylenol)
Furosemide (Lasix)
Vitamin D
Student Name: Robyn Begalke
Dose ordered:
When used for
500mg PO twice
analgesia, relieves
daily
pain by increasing the
pain threshold and
Safe dose: 325decreasing
650mg PO q 6 hours inflammation and
or 1g 3-4 times daily swelling
Dose ordered: 20mg Increases the
PO once daily
excretion of fluid and
electrolytes by
decreasing the
reapsorption in the
kidneys
1045075
Hepatotoxicity, renal
failure, rash, constipation
Blurred vision, dizziness,
headaches, vertigo, hearing
loss, hypotension,
constipation, anorexia, dry
mouth, muscle cramps
May be administered with
food or milk to reduce
gastric irritation, tablets may
be crushed, monitor for fall
risk, monitor intake and
output and blood pressure
Dose ordered: 1000
units daily
Promotes the
absorption of calcium
in the intestine
Headache, irritability,
weakness, conjunctivitis,
arrhythmias, hypertension,
constipation, dry mouth,
nausea, hypercalcemia
Assess for bone
pain/weakness, observe
closely for hypercalcemia,
encourage dietary
recommendations/orders
Prevents the blood
from clotting
Cramps, nausea, dermal
necrosis, bleeding, fever
Assess for signs of bleeding
(gums, stool, nosebleed,
unusual bruising, tarry black
stools, blood in urine),
evaluate PT/INR before
administering, withhold if
bleeding occurs, administer
at the same time each day,
avoid activities that may
cause injury, soft toothbrush
only
Safe dose: 400-1000
units daily
Warfarin
Dose ordered: 3 mg
PO once daily
Safe dose: 25mg/day for 2-4
days, then adjust to
INR results
Administer with full glass of
water, may be taken with
food or on an empty
stomach, monitor frequency
of bowel movements
Cyanocobalamin
Polythylene Glycol
Student Name: Robyn Begalke
Dose ordered:
Improves metabolism
500mcg PO daily
of fats and
catbohydrates to
support metabolism
of Vitamin B12
Dose ordered: 17g
PO daily
Safe dose: 17g in
8oz water may be
used up to 2 weeks
Bisacodyl
Dose ordered: 5mg
PO every 3 days
PRN
Safe dose: 515mg/day up to
30mg/day as a single
dose
1045075
Headache, heart failure,
diarrhea, hypokalemia,
pulmonary edema
Assess patient for signs of
Vitamin B12
deficiency(pallor,
neuropathy, red inflamed
tongue, psychosis) prior to
and during administration,
administer with meals to
increase absorption
Increases the
Abdominal bloating,
Dissolve powder into 8oz of
absorption of water in cramping, flatulence, nausea water prior to
the GI tract to
administration, assess for
promote bowel
abdominal distension,
movements
presence of bowel sounds,
and usual pattern of bowel
movements, assess color,
consistency and amount of
stool excreted
Increases fluid
Abdominal cramps, nausea, May be administered before
buildup in the colon
diarrhea, rectal burning,
bedtime for AM results,
and increases
hypokalemia with chronic
taking on an empty stomach
movement
use, muscle weakness with
will speed up onset, do not
(peristalsis) in the
chronic use
crush or chew enteric coated
intestines
tablets, avoid administration
within 1 hour of milk or
antacid consumption, assess
for bowel sounds,
abdominal distension,
colour, consistency and
amount of stool excreted
Salbutamol (Ventolin
NEB)
Student Name: Robyn Begalke
Dose ordered:
Causes relaxation of
2.5mg(ml) via
smooth muscle and
sidestream every 4
dilation of the airway
hours PRN
to improve breathing
pattern
Safe dose: 2.5-5mg
every 20 minutes for
3 doses, then 2.510mg every 1-4
hours PRN
1045075
Restlessness, tremor,
headache, insomnia,
bronchospasm, palpitations,
angina, arrhythmias,
hypertension, nausea,
vomiting, hyperglycemia,
hypokalemia
Allow 1 minute between
inhalations, oxygen should
be set to 6-10 LPM, assess
lung sounds, pulse and BP
before administration and
after onset, monitor
pulmonary function tests
prior to and during therapy,
observe for bronchospasm
Student Name: Robyn Begalke
Nursing Care Plan - Summary
1045075
Describe the benefits of using the nursing process and the nursing concepts in your assessment
and nursing care.
Assessment:
During my assessment of my client I was really grateful for the nursing process. I was able to use
the knowledge I obtained in theory to help me make the experience more enjoyable for my client
and easier for me to gather information. I was able to use the nursing process to develop a strong
rapport and therapeutic relationship with my client, which made it easier for her to disclose
information to me and feel more comfortable in my care. During the assessment I was able to
acquire information about her emotional well-being that I may not have if I wasn’t using the
tools I learned to use through the nursing process. I was also able to determine what was
pertinent information and what was irrelevant, what was normal and what was abnormal and
what was supported by objective findings and what wasn’t. I am grateful for my knowledge in
assessments to make a difference in my client’s health and well-being. For example, during my
assessment of my client’s emotional state I learned that she served in the Air Force, and that’s
how she met her husband who passed away in 2010. Being comfortable with me as her caregiver
gives the client the confidence that I have her best interest in mind and that I am a competent and
caring practitioner. Another benefit of using the nursing process in the assessment of my client
was that I was able to recognize her abnormal findings and report to the LPN so that they can be
closely monitored. For example, during my head to toe assessment of my client I noted that she
had mild pitting edema on her right and left feet and foot drop and without my knowledge of
health assessment and the nursing process that may have gone unnoticed. Using the nursing
process during my assessment I was able to learn a lot about my client and determine my
Student Name: Robyn Begalke
1045075
priorities for her care.
Nursing Care:
Providing nursing care for my client and other residents at the care center has been an incredible
experience so far and I imagine it will continue to be exciting and rewarding. It is so enjoyable to
see the difference you can make in a patients day just by spending time with them or doing the
little things that they may not be able to do for themselves. I will always remember my first
client, initiating my first g-tube feed, changing my first dressing and even giving my first bed
bath. These things are not something that can be prepared for in the lab because it doesn’t
include how you’re going to feel. I have never felt so good about what I’m doing everyday and I
couldn’t imagine doing anything else. All the tedious hours spent in theory doing assignments
and writing exams and lab pretending a water bottle was a g-tube were so worth it and I cant wait
for more experience and time spent doing what I love.
Student Name: Robyn Begalke
1045075
References
Day, R. A., Paul, P., Williams, B., Smeltzer, S., & Bare, B. (2010). Brunner & Suddarth's
textbook of Canadian medical-surgical nursing (2nd Canadian ed.). Philadelphia:
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Potter, P., & Perry, A. (2013). In J. Ross-Kerr, M. Wood, B. Astle, & W. Duggleby (Eds.),
Canadian fundamentals of nursing (5th ed.). Toronto, ON: Elsevier Canada.
Valerand, A. H., & Sanoski, C. A. (2013). Davis’s drug guide for nurses (13th ed.). Philadelphia,
PA: FA Davis Company.