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The Hispanic Culture of Mexico By: Kate Conger Jennifer Joyner Demographics • Mexico contains 2/3 of overall Hispanic culture • 3 major subgroups of Hispanic culture • Mexico • Puerto Rico • Cuba Culture in Mexico: Religion • Majority are Catholic, with an • Increasing presence of Pentecostals • Health is a gift from God • Prevention of Illness is an accepted practice • Accomplished with prayer • Wearing of religious medals or amulets • Keeping relics in the home • Visiting shrines with offerings and lighting candles Culture in Mexico: Health & Medicine • Individuals turn to family, especially elders, when sick • Based on Aztec beliefs of balance and supernatural powers • Balance • 4 Humors • • • • Blood Phlegm Black Bile Yellow Bile • Hot and Cold • “Hot” treats “cold” • “Cold” treats “hot” Culture in Mexico: Health & Medicine • Supernatural Powers • Healers of Mexico • Curanderas Culture in Mexico: Health & Medicine • Quality of Healthcare is comparative to United States • Most physicians get training in U.S. • Privatized healthcare for those who can afford it • Public healthcare subsidized based on employment status • Preventative care is often neglected Culture in Mexico: Ideas about Healthcare • Most Latin Americans see thinness as a problem and plumpness as the ideal • Hispanic men expect to be waited on in sickness AND in health Health Concerns of Obesity & Type II Diabetes • # 2 Worldwide in Obesity • 24% • 205 McDonalds Restaurants • Consumption of soda has 60% over 14 yrs • Leading cause of death is cardiovascular disease • 10 Mil out of 100 mil (total pop.) has diabetes • About 67,000 deaths a year • Diabetes Type II affects 10% of its population in ages over 20. It affects 2530% in ages over 50. Culture in Mexico: Diet and Nutritive Sources • Blend of Indian and Spanish • Major Cooking Methods • Stovetop • Stewing • Frying with fats or oils • Corn (Maize) is the basis • Chicken, Pork > Beef • Seafood common in coastal areas Culture in Mexico: Diet and Nutritive Sources • Inexpensive food items • • • • Corns Rice Beans Peppers • Cheese and eggs round out meal • Foods are high in carbohydrates but NOT processed carbohydrates • Other items found in Hispanic diet: • Squash, papaya, pineapple, plantains, sweet potatoes and yams, guava, lime, avocado, Serrano and jalapeño peppers, tomatoes and tomatillos, cilantro, vinegar, garlic, onions, oregano, vanilla, and chocolate A Typical Meal • Desayuno (Breakfast) • Coffee • Sweet rolls and/or eggs • Comida (Lunch) • Between the hours of 1pm and 3pm • Largest meal • Soup, meat dish, rice, tortillas, coffee, and dessert or fruit • Cena (Suppper) • Usually after 9pm and is a light meal Nutrition • Soak Maize in lime-water solution • Helps calcium and Niacin to become more bioavailable • Grinding stones used to prepare the tortillas provide Iron and Zinc • Beans • • • • B Vitamins Magnesium Folate Fiber • Tomatoes and Limes • Vitamin C • Papaya, Squash, Melon, Mango & Sweet Potatoes • Carotenoids So where does the Obesity and Diabetes come from? • Acculturation • Changing nature of diet • Fueled by globalization and urbanization • Increased use of animal products and processed foods • Large amounts of sugar, refined flour, and hydrogenated fat • More than twice as likely to drink whole milk, but less likely to drink low-fat or skim milk • Decline in the intake of whole grains, fruit, and vegetables • Adoption of a more sedentary lifestyle What Can Be Done? • More physical activity • Use healthier methods of cooking like broiling or baking • Do not eat past 7pm • Avoid the processed foods • Take heed to preventative care • Avoid frescos, drinks made of fruit syrup, water, and sugar • Drink low-fat or skim milk • Cook with healthier oils such as corn or vegetable oil • Increase whole grains, fresh fruits and vegetables! • Portion Control • Avoid fast foods like McDonalds References • • • • • • http://articles.latimes.com/2010/apr/22/world/la-fg-mexico-obesity20100423 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obesity_in_Mexico http://socyberty.com/religion/cultural-diversity-mexican-beliefstowards-medicine-and-illness/#ixzz1HdlAwkrN Central Americans and Mexicans, Diets of - calcium, food, nutrition, body, diet, health, protein, fat, nutrients, vitamin, amino, acids, water, vitamins, habits, Traditional Dietary Habits http://www.faqs.org/nutrition/Ca-De/Central-Americans-andMexicans-Diets-of.html#ixzz1HdqYVv15 http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/88951.php http://www.nationmaster.com/graph/hea_obe-health-obesity
