Download PHOTOSYNTHESIS / CELL RESPIRATION

 PHOTOSYNTHESIS / CELL RESPIRATION
Sea grasses grow on the ocean floor in shallow areas. Runoff of chemicals from the land into the ocean can
cause the waters to become cloudy. Cloudy water affects the sea grasses’ ability to make their own food
because there is not enough
A.
B.
C.
D.
oxygen
water
light
carbon
Correct Answer:
C
A summer camp was built near a lake in the mountains. The campers used the lake for swimming, fishing, and
boating. The relationships between three organisms found in the lake are shown below.
Which of these fish cell structures would be most directly affected by a change in the oxygen level of the lake?
A.
B.
C.
D.
mitochondrion
chloroplast
golgi apparatus
endoplasmic reticulum
Correct Answer:
A
Use the information and the table below to answer the following TWO questions.
Elodea, a freshwater plant, releases gas bubbles when it is placed in direct light. In an investigation, a student
placed a lamp at different distances from an aquarium containing Elodea. The student counted the number of
bubbles produced by the Elodea plant. His data are shown in the table below.
What energy source is used by Elodea?
A.
B.
C.
D.
heat
light
oxygen
carbon dioxide
Correct Answer:
B
The bubbles released by Elodea contain mostly
A.
B.
C.
D.
oxygen
carbon dioxide
nitrogen
water vapor
Correct Answer:
A
The diagram below shows part of the carbon cycle.
During photosynthesis, trees convert carbon dioxide and other materials to
A.
B.
C.
D.
lipids
amino acids
nucleic acids
sugars
Correct Answer:
D
Scientists have recently discovered a new species that lives attached to the side of a tree. An organism from this
new species





is multicellular
has cell walls
has vascular tissues
makes its own food
has structures that absorb moisture from the air
The scientists put the organism in a sealed glass container and placed it in the sunlight for several hours. Which
of these increased inside the container?
A.
B.
C.
D.
water
nitrogen gas
oxygen gas
carbon dioxide gas
Correct Answer:
C
The energy required for photosynthesis is provided by
A.
B.
C.
D.
proteins
sunlight
chlorophyll
carbohydrates
Correct Answer:
B
A group of students separated 16 bean plants into four equal groups. They exposed each group to a different
number of hours of light. The table below shows the amount of light each group of bean plants received. All
other conditions were kept the same.
The students measured the total leaf surface area of each plant once a day for two weeks.
Which of these processes were the students most likely studying?
A.
B.
C.
D.
diffusion
photosynthesis
chemosynthesis
mutation
Correct Answer:
B
A group of students measured the volume of air they exhaled during three different activities: sitting, walking,
and running. The volume of exhaled air is directly related to the amount of carbon dioxide produced. The data
the students collected are summarized in the graph below.
Which of these statements best explains the data?
A.
B.
C.
D.
As metabolism increases, the amount of carbon dioxide produced decreases.
As metabolism increases, the amount of carbon dioxide produced increases.
The rate of metabolism depends on the amount of carbon dioxide produced.
The amount of carbon dioxide production remains constant as metabolism increases.
Correct Answer:
B
Anna conducted an experiment using green algae. She put equal amounts of water into two identical containers
and maintained the water level throughout the experiment. Next she added equal amounts of green algae to both
containers. Container 1 received full sunlight while Container 2 was placed in the dark.
After two weeks, what will Anna most likely find in Containers 1 and 2?
A.
B.
C.
D.
no algae in either container
abundant algae in both containers
no algae in Container 1 and abundant algae in Container 2
abundant algae in Container 1 and no algae in Container 2
Correct Answer:
D
Depending on the environmental conditions, Euglena, a unicellular protist, can act as either a producer or a
consumer. Euglena will most likely act as a consumer when placed in which of these environments?
A.
B.
C.
D.
cool
acidic
low-oxygen
no-light
Correct Answer:
D
A group of students separated 16 bean plants into four equal groups. They exposed each group to a different
number of hours of light. The table below shows the amount of light each group of bean plants received. All
other conditions were kept the same.
The students measured the total leaf surface area of each plant once a day for two weeks.
Which plant group will most likely have the greatest total leaf surface area after two weeks?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Group 1
Group 2
Group 3
Group 4
Correct Answer:
D
Which of these statements about photosynthesis and respiration is true?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Both processes produce food.
Both processes release energy from food.
Photosynthesis produces oxygen; respiration does not.
Photosynthesis produces carbon dioxide; respiration does not.
Correct Answer:
C
Use the information and the graph below to answer the following item.
A group of students measured the volume of air they exhaled during three different activities: sitting, walking,
and running. The volume of exhaled air is directly related to the amount of carbon dioxide produced. The data
the students collected are summarized in the graph below.
Which of these processes produces carbon dioxide?
1.
2.
3.
4.
mitosis
diffusion
respiration
photosynthesis
Correct Answer:
C
Use the information below to answer the following item.
The water quality of the Chesapeake Bay is measured by the Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Monitoring
Program. Scientists measure the salinity, temperature, pH, and oxygen levels to help determine the health of the
Bay. Healthy water also contains appropriate amounts of nutrients. Monitoring water quality helps communities
make decisions about the Bay.
Measuring oxygen levels of the Bay provides scientists with information about which process?
A.
B.
C.
D.
mitosis
meiosis
chemosynthesis
photosynthesis
Correct Answer:
D
Use the information below to answer the following item.
In an ocean environment, marine life is most abundant in the euphotic zone. This zone extends from the surface
waters to a depth of 200 meters, the deepest depth that sunlight can reach. It is in this range that phytoplankton
capture energy from the sun. Although they are microscopic organisms, phytoplankton are the foundation that
supports the marine food web.
Through which process do phytoplankton use energy from the sun to make their food?
A.
B.
C.
D.
chemosynthesis
photosynthesis
evaporation
respiration
Correct Answer:
B
Which of the following pairs of materials is required for a cell to carry on respiration?
A.
B.
C.
D.
water and oxygen
glucose and oxygen
water and carbon dioxide
glucose and carbon dioxide
Correct Answer:
B
Cyanide is a poison that prevents mitochondria from using oxygen. As a result, the mitochondria cannot release
A.
B.
C.
D.
lipids
sugar
minerals
energy
Correct Answer:
D
Use the information and the figure below to answer the following.
The diagram below shows a colony of prokaryotes and a single-celled eukaryote. The eukaryote contains
organelles that resemble the three types of bacteria found in the colony of prokaryotes. More than a billion years
ago, bacteria like these may have joined other prokaryotes to form colonies of cells. Researchers think that these
once free-living prokaryotes became the organelles of modern-day eukaryotes.
In the eukaryote, which of these organelles are used to make sugars?
A.
B.
C.
D.
flagella
ribosomes
mitochondria
chloroplasts
Correct Answer:
D