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What is Energy? What is Energy? Energy is the ability of an object to produce a change in itself or the world around it. Whenever work is done, energy is transformed or is transferred from one system to another. Energy Transformations Gravitational Potential Energy Potential energy (PE) is sometimes called energy of position because it results from the relative positions of objects in a system. 𝑷𝑬=𝒎𝒈𝒉 Kinetic Energy The energy resulting from the motion of an object is called kinetic energy. 𝟏 𝑲𝑬 = 𝒎𝒗𝟐 𝟐 Types of Energy Other Forms of Energy The sum of the kinetic and potential energy in a system is called mechanical energy. 𝒎𝒆𝒄𝒉𝒂𝒏𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝒆𝒏𝒆𝒓𝒈𝒚 = 𝑲𝑬 + 𝑷𝑬 Energy that lies at the level of the atom is sometimes called non-mechanical energy. Other Forms of Energy Plants use photosynthesis to turn the energy of sunlight into chemical energy. The sun’s energy comes from nuclear fusion. Other Forms of Energy Energy can be stored in electrical fields, which have electrical potential energy. Other Forms of Energy Light energy travels from the sun to the Earth across empty space in the form of electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic waves are made up of electric and magnetic waves.