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SCIENCE EXAM OUTLINE Your science final exam will be on Monday, June 17th. Hints Review Diagrams and Pictures Review ALL labs, assignments, quizzes, worksheets, tests and class notes Remember STSE is unseen material. It is very important to understand the information you are reading. When writing questions, BE PRECISE. DO NOT write more than you need to. Keep it simple but be sure you answer the question. Read the directions and TAKE YOUR TIME. UNIT 1- Interactions Within Ecosystems Chapter 1 NOTE: Students should be able to explain and provide examples of the terms. Terms: Ecosystem Abiotic Biotic Species Population Community Habitat Niche Organism Range of tolerance Important Concepts: 1. 2. 3. 4. Identify examples of ecosystems within Newfoundland and Labrador (4) List examples of organisms that live in each ecosystem Describe the abiotic and biotic factors of a local area (Schoolyard lab) Describe interactions between biotic and abiotic factors in an ecosystem a. Biotic- abiotic b. Abiotic- abiotic c. Biotic- biotic Chapter 2 NOTE: Students should be able to explain and provide examples of the terms. Terms: Symbiosis Parasitism Mutualism Commensalism Consumer Decomposer Herbivore Carnivore Food chain Food web Photosynthesis Nutrient cycle Scavenger Producer Omnivore Energy pyramid Important Concepts: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Identify the producers, primary consumers and secondary consumers in food chains and webs What do plants need to carry out photosynthesis? What does this process produce? Be able to construct simple food chains as well as classify organisms within food chains Interpret a pyramid of energy Pyramid of energy- Why is energy transformed into other types of energy? How much energy is lost at each level? 6. What are some limitations of food chains, food webs and energy pyramids? 7. Illustrate the nutrient cycle Chapter 3 NOTE: Students should be able to explain and provide examples of the terms. Terms: Succession Pioneer species Climax community Primary succession Secondary succession Habitat loss Introduced species Endangered species Biodiversity Important Concepts: 1. Draw images to illustrate the changes occurring during primary and secondary succession a. Bare rock to forest (primary) b. Forest re-growth after fire (secondary) 2. What are some changes that occur during both types of succession? 3. Describe how humans have influenced the environment (4) UNIT 2- Heat Chapter 4 NOTE: Students should be able to explain and provide examples of the terms. Terms: Temperature Thermoscope Thermometer Fahrenheit Kelvin Thermocouple Resistance Thermometer Thermostat Infrared Thermometer Absolute zero Celsius Bimetallic strip Important Concepts: 1. Predict and identify the temperature of various familiar objects: a. Human body temperature b. Boiling water c. Freezing water d. Comfortable room temperature e. Refrigerator f. Freezer 2. Describe how to work a thermoscope 3. Identify the temperature scales used in measurement. a. Celsius b. Fahrenheit c. Kelvin 4. Calibration of thermometers 5. Describe the various instruments used to measure temperature: a. Liquid-in glass thermometer b. Thermocouple c. Resistance thermometer d. Bimetallic strip (thermostat) e. Infrared thermometer Chapter 5 NOTE: Students should be able to explain and provide examples of the terms. Terms: Matter Particle Theory Kinetic Energy Solid Liquid Gas Contraction Melting Freezing Hyperthermia Hypothermia Temperature Expansion Evaporation Condensation Important Concepts: 1. Provide examples of matter 2. Relate kinetic energy to the movement of particles. Be able to identify which object has more kinetic energy. 3. Describe the Particle Theory of Matter (PEDAS) 4. Use the particle theory of matter to explain expansion and contraction in the three states of matter. 5. Explain changes of state using the particle theory of matter. Include: a. Melting b. Freezing c. Evaporation 6. Lab- The Plateau Problem What happens to the temperature of matter as it is changing state? Why? Chapter 6 NOTE: Students should be able to explain and provide examples of the terms. Terms: Conduction Convection Radiation Insulator Heat Temperature Conductor Important Concepts: 1. Examples of the different types of energy transfer 2. Examples of conductors and insulators 3. Temperature vs. Heat- What is the difference? UNIT 3- Mixtures and Solutions Chapter 7 Terms: Mixture Pure Substance Homogeneous Solution Mechanical mixture NOTE: Students should be able to explain and provide examples of the terms. Heterogeneous Important Concepts: 1. Categorize substances as mixtures or pure substances 2. Identify various examples of pure substances: a. Distilled water b. Sugar c. Copper d. Oxygen e. Carbon dioxide 3. Identify mixtures that are found around your home: a. Salad dressing b. Chocolate chip cookie c. Kool-aid d. Concrete e. Air 4. What will happen when you shine light through a homogeneous mixture? 5. What will happen when you shine light through a heterogeneous mixture? 6. What are mixtures of mixtures? Provide examples Chapter 8 NOTE: Students should be able to explain and provide examples of the terms. Terms: Dissolving Solute Solvent Solubility Insoluble Solution Concentrated Dilute Saturated Unsaturated Quantitative Qualitative Soluble Concentration Important Concepts: 1. Identify that solutions can form between the three states of matter (worksheet) 2. Identify the solute and solvent in a given solution 3. What is the difference between a concentrated and dilute solution? 4. Describe solutions qualitatively and quantitatively 5. Express concentration in g/L -> This is the most common way to express concentration 6. How does temperature affect solubility? (Refer to lab) a. Identify independent (manipulated) and dependent (responding) variable 7. Describe factors that affect solubility of a solid and gas: a. Temperature b. Pressure 8. How can you tell when a solution is saturated? UNIT 4- Earth’s Crust Chapter 10 Terms: Mineral Rock Lustre Cleavage Igneous rock Magma Lava Intrusive rock Sedimentary rock Metamorphic rock NOTE: Students should be able to explain and provide examples of the terms. Fracture Extrusive rock Important Concepts: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. List and describe the properties of minerals Identify obsidian, mica, magnetite, galena, pyrite, quartz Examples of intrusive and extrusive igneous rock Label diagram of the rock cycle Which type of rock contains fossils? Chapter 11 Terms: Mantle Crust Inner core Outer core Alfred Wegener Continental Drift Theory Convergent plates Transform plates Volcano Mountain Precambrian Paleozoic Cenozoic NOTE: Students should be able to explain and provide examples of the terms. Plate Tectonics Divergent plates Earthquakes Mesozoic Important Concepts: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Label a model of Earth`s layered interior Evidence supporting Wegener`s theory (4 points) Technologies that provided evidence to support theory of Plate Tectonics Identify the types of plate boundaries The driving force behind plate tectonics- convection currents Explain how mountains are formed using the theory of Plate Tectonics. Include: a. Folding- draw picture to show convergent plates forming mountains b. Faulting c. Volcanic eruption