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Our Solar System Big Idea 5: Earth in Space and Time SC.5.E.5.1, SC.5.E.5.2, SC.5.E.5.3 Planets in Our Solar System The inner planets of Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars are small and mostly solid. The outer planets of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune are large and made mostly of gases. Between the inner and outer planets is a belt of rocks called asteroids that orbit the sun. Comets are icy gaseous objects that leave dust trails when their orbits come near the sun. EXPLORE Your Place In Space Solar System Resource Link: http://www.windows.ucar.edu/tour/link=/our_solar_system/solar_system.html Planet Characteristics Inner Planets Size: Small Rocky and Solid Few or no moons Temperature: Hot to warm . Mercury Venus Earth (one moon) Mars Outer Planets Size: Large Composed of gas and dust Many moons Temperature: Cool to cold Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Sun The sun is the closest star to Earth. The sun is a big ball of hot gases. The sun gives off two kinds of energy: light and heat. This is called solar energy. All eight planets orbit, or revolve, around the sun. The sun is so large that more than a million Earths could fit inside it. Sun and Stars Stars come in all different sizes. Our Sun is the standard used for comparing all other star sizes. The biggest stars are called supergiants. Some are 500 times larger than the Sun. Some of the smallest stars are white dwarfs. Many are 1/100 the size of the Sun roughly the size of Earth Planet A planet is a large ball of rock or gas that follows a path round the sun. There are eight planets. Sun Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune (My Very Educated Mother Just Showed Us Neptune!) The solar system includes the sun and eight planets. Earth Earth is the planet that we live on. It is the 3rd planet from the sun. It is called a “Rocky Planet,” because it is made of rocks. Sometimes Earth is called the “Water Planet,” because it is the only planet with the water we need to live. Earth orbits, or circles, the sun in 365 days, or one year. While it is orbiting the sun, it also spins like a top! It spins 1 time in 24 hours, and that is why Earth’s day lasts for 24 hours. Earth is the only known planet where plants and animals live. Planet Characteristics Planet Size Length of Its Orbit Mercury Small Shortest or a measurement Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune small small small Largest Planet Large Large Large Longer than Mercury but shorter than Earth’s or a measurement Longer than Venus but shorter than Mar’s or a measurement Longer than Earth but shorter than Jupiter’s or a measurement Longer than Mars but shorter than Neptune’s or a measurement Longer than Jupiter but shorter than Uranus’s or a measurement Longer than Saturn but shorter than Neptune’s or a measurement Longer than Uranus but shorter than Pluto’s or a measurement Composition of Planet ( Use a reference to fill in this data) Rocky No moons Rocky No moons Rocky One moon Rocky No moons Gases and dust Many moons Gases and dust Many moons Gases and dust Many moons Gases and dust Many moons Comparing Planets in Our Solar System Planet Number of Moons Length of Year in Earth Days Mercury Venus 0 0 88 224.7 Earth Mars Jupiter 1 2 63 365 687 4,329 Saturn Uranus Neptune 62 27 13 10,752 30,660 60,152 Solar System Review Inner Planets Outer Planets Extension/Enrichment Interactive Notebook Reflection • Draw a model of the solar system and label planets. • Describe planet characteristics. GIZMOS – Solar System www.explorelearning.com