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Name: _________________________ Date: _______________________ LAYERS OF THE ATMOSPHERE - There are fivenlayers of the atmosphere. SUN: Source of all the energy on Earth. Energy from the sun must travel through the atmosphere before it hits the surface. DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES: Different layers of the atmosphere have different temperatures, because some layers contain greenhouse gases and others do not. Which layer contains 90% of all the gases? TROPOSPHERE TROPOSPHERE - Contains all weather and the air you breathe ! - The first and most important layer. - Temperature is highest at the surface of the earth and decreases with altitude. Name: _________________________ Date: _______________________ High altitude, lower temperatures (example: mountains) Low altitude, higher temperatures (example: beach) - Earth’s surface is the source of heat in the troposphere. - Rock, soil, and water absorbs the Sun’s light and radiates it back as heat. - The air density of gases due to gravity causes the temperature to rise. - Usually, warm air sits on top of cooler air. - Sometimes there is an inversion and cold air sits below warm air. ****** STRATOSPHERE - SECOND LAYER - Layer above the troposphere. - Temperature increases with altitude (Sun) Thinking Question!! How is this different than the temperature-altitude relationship in the Troposphere? Answer: In the troposphere, the temperature decreases as you go up (increased altitude). In the stratosphere, the temperature increases as you go up (increased altitude). Name: _________________________ Date: _______________________ - Air is stable because warmer, less dense air sits over cooler, denser air. Troposphere Stratosphere First layer of the atmosphere Second layer of the atmosphere. - The pilot says, “We are no at our cruising altitude of 30,000 feet.” Why do planes fly so high in the air? Answer: The plane enters the stratosphere layer. Fuel costs are lower because there is less friction due to less density of molecules. There is also less turbulence. The Ozone (O3) Layer: - Inside the stratosphere. - Solar energy splits an O2 molecule… oxygen atom then combines with O2 O3. * Ozone gas absorbs harmful UV radiation! Ozone Layer Depletion * Man-made chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) were used a lot in the past to keep things cold and to make foam and soaps… * But CFCs break apart and destroy ozone molecules. MESOSPHERE Name: _________________________ Date: _______________________ - MIDDLE (third) layer of the atmosphere - Temperature decreases with altitude Heat is from the stratosphere. - Extremely low density of molecules - The pressure is so low that liquids would boil at normal body temperature. Your blood would boil without a space suit! Thinking Question! If pressure decreases with altitude…and your blood would boil in the mesosphere…. Does water boil faster in the mountains or at sea level? Answer: Mountains ***** THERMOSPHERE - FOURTH layer of atmosphere from the surface of the earth. - Temperature increases with increasing altitude. - Very low density of molecules Video: Mysteries of the Sun: Ionosphere, Thermosphere, and Mesosphere ***** EXOSPHERE (500 km to outer space) Outer layer of the atmosphere.