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Transcript
NoteSheet 10.2 Islam Expands (pg. 269) 1. Why will Muhammad’s death cause problems? • After the death of any great ruler who do you turn to? • The Muslim community had difficulty maintaining a unified rule • A civil war started in 656 after the murder of Uthman • Muhammad’s cousin (and son-in-law) was a good choice, but was challenged • The Umayyads came to power – Moved capital – Surrounded themselves with wealth 2. How does Islam spread throughout the Arabian Peninsula and beyond? • Muhammad expressed a desire to spread Islam to the north so after his death • Muslims conquered people of the north • Saw their victories as a sign of success • Muslims fought to defend Islam and were willing to struggle to extend its word • Muslim armies were well disciplined and expertly trained • And of course trade as always 3. What are the basic differences between the Sunni and Shi’a Muslims? • Sunni • Believe that the first four caliphs were “rightly guided” • Believe that Muslim rulers should follow the Sunna, or Muhammad’s example • Claim that the Shi’a have distorted the meaning of various passages in the Qur’an • Shi’a • Believe that Ali, the Prophet’s son-in-law, should have succeeded Muhammad • Believe that all Muslim rulers should be descended from Muhammad; do not recognize the authority of the Sunna • Claim that the Sunni have distorted the meaning of various passages in the Qur’an Words of the Section • Sunni – Followers of Muhammad’s example • Shi’a – Believed that successors should be descendants of Muhammad
