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Forms of Energy There are two main forms of energy – potential and kinetic 1. Potential energy is energy that isn't being used yet. It is stored. It is also the energy of position, sometimes called gravitational energy. There are different types of PE a. Chemical PE is stored in bonds between atoms and molecules. When these bonds are broken they release energy as heat, light, motion, and sound. (Ex: coal, oil, propane, and food) b. Elastic PE is stored by something that can stretch. It is found in objects that want to bounce back into their natural shape. (Ex: guitar string and rubber band) c. Nuclear PE is energy which holds together the nucleus of an atom. It is released when atoms are split open (fission) or smashed together (fusion) d. Gravitational PE is energy stored due to height and where it is placed. A roller coaster at the top of its rails has gravitational energy & water held behind a dam's reservoir. 2. Kinetic Energy is energy which is being used. It is the energy of motion. There are different types: a. Electrical KE is caused by the movement of electrons. (Ex. Lightning and electricity in our homes) b. Radiant KE (electromagnetic or light) is energy that comes from the waves of the electromagnetic spectrum. (Ex. Light, x-rays, gamma rays, ultraviolet rays, infrared rays, microwaves, & radio waves) c. Thermal KE is heat. Heat is caused by the movement of atoms and molecules within a substance. Heat moves from warmer to cooler. d. Motion KE (mechanical) is energy caused by objects or substances that are moving. (Ex. Tides & wind) e. Sound KE is caused by vibrations or back-and-forth movements of matter. They can be compressional or longitudinal waves.