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Transcript
To John, Things that are and thinks that shall be hereafter. Rev 1.19 Fall of the Roman Empire, the 4th Beast of Daniel. The influence of the Papal Roman Empire and the False prophet that would take its place around the same time. Rev 16.13 Papal 600 AD, Islam 610 AD Islam: Voluntary submission to God Muslim: One who submits to God Allah : Arabic word for God Qur’an: Religious text Muhammad: Last prophet of God Caliph: Successor of Muhammad Muhammad preached publicly of the duty to submit to the one true god, gaining followers and earning the enmity of the polytheistic authorities. To escape persecution, Muhammad was forced to flee in 622 to Yathrib (later called Medina). His poetic recitations and pleas for social justice continued to win converts, and Muhammad was repeatedly called into battle in his efforts to unite Arabia behind the faith known as Islam. After finally conquering Mecca in 630, Muhammad returned to Medina, where he died in 632. The five basic acts in Islam, considered obligatory for all believers. They are (1) the creed (shahadah), (2) daily prayers (salat), (3) almsgiving (zakah), (4) fasting during Ramadan and (5) the pilgrimage to Mecca (hajj) at least once in a lifetime. Both Shia and Sunni sects agree on the essential details for the performance of these acts. Claims: all previous messages and revelations of the prophets from Adam to Jesus were misinterpreted or altered. Muhammad's correct revelation given to him by the Archangel Gabriel was told to his companions from 610 AD till he died in 632 AD, then the Koran was composed by his wife and those companion. (from memory). 1099AD – 1291AD Prosper through trade:- spices and silk. China, India and Indonesia. Architecture Learning and medicine Poetry Religious tolerance 1258 AD – 1917 AD The first period of Ottoman history was characterized by almost continuous territorial expansion, during which Ottoman dominion spread out from a small north-western Anatolian principality to cover most of south-eastern Europe and Anatolia. In their initial stages of expansion, the Ottomans were leaders of the Turkish warriors for the faith of Islam, known by the honorific title ghāzī (Arabic: “raider”), who fought against the shrinking Christian Byzantine state. The ancestors of Osman I, the founder of the dynasty, were members of the Kayı tribe who had entered Anatolia along with a mass of Turkmen Oğuz nomads. Those nomads, fleeing from the Mongols of Genghis Khan, established themselves as the Seljuq dynasty in Iran and Mesopotamia in the mid-11th century, overwhelmed Byzantium after the Battle of Manzikert (1071), and occupied eastern and central Anatolia during the 12th century. THE LIGHTLY COLONIZED COUNTRIES OF THE FERTILE CRESCENT These countries had been part of the Ottoman Empire until World War I. The Sykes-Picot Agreement partitioned the area between Britain and France. Syria: Colonized by France in 1918, became independent in 1946. Iraq: Occupied by Britain in World War I. Nominally independent after 1932. Jordan: British Mandate territory after 1918. Decolonized in 1946. Palestine: British Mandate territory after 1918. Lost to Israel 1948-1967. Lebanon: French Mandate after 1918. Decolonized in 1943 with National Pact. (Before 1918, Jordan, Palestine, and Lebanon were all part of Greater Syria.) THE HEAVILY COLONIZED COUNTRIES OF NORTH AFRICA Egypt: British colony from 1882. British protectorate 1914. Constitutional monarchy under British tutelage from 1922 onward. More “autonomy” from 1936 onward. Last British troops depart from the Suez Canal Zone in 1956. Sudan: From 1899 onward, under British control as part of Egyptian-Sudanese condominium. Independent after 1956. Tunisia: French colony from 1881. Independent 1956. Algeria: French conquest began in 1830. Won war of independence from France in 1963. Morocco: French protectorate imposed in 1912. Became independent in 1956. Libya: Italian colony from 1911. When Italy lost in World War II, she also “lost” Libya. A monarchy was established in 1951. Overthrown in 1969. THE NEW STATES OF THE GULF AND THE ARABIAN PENINSULA Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain,United Arab Emirates: With the exception of Saudi Arabia, these are mostly “new States” that came into existence in the 1960s and 1970s, carved out of a region that had been under British military and naval “protection” from the 1830s onward. Present Saudi Arabia dates from the 1930s. Kuwait dates from the 1950s when it emerged from under Iraqi-British tutelage. Colonization was not important for these states because they had no resources that anyone wanted. This changed with the discovery of oil. THE POOR COUNTRIES OF THE ARABIAN PENINSULA South Yemen: Results from the ex-British colony at Aden and a Marxist-Leninist revolution. North Yemen: Results from a “loyalist” hold-out. Region is now almost a subsidiary of Saudi Arabia. The two Yemens merged in 1990, but the legacy of divisions remains, resulting in reoccurring crisis situations and instability. Until the times of the Gentiles be fulfilled (Luke 21.24) 604 BC - 1917 AD Independence of Israel, 14/5/1948 wars and rumours of war since. (Mat 24) Daniel 2:34 Thou saw a stone was cut out without hands, which smote the image…then was the iron, the clay, the brass, the silver and the gold broken in pieces together….and the stone that smote the image.. filled the whole earth. Matthew 21.24 the stone which the builders rejected…on whosoever it shall fall, it will grind him to powder. Matthew 24.30 And then shall appear the Son of man in heaven and then shall all the tribes of the earth mourn, and shall see the Son of man coming with power and great glory. Acts 2.37 Men and brethren, what shall we do? Then Peter said unto them, Repent and be baptized everyone of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the remission of sins, and ye shall receive the gift of the Holy Ghost.