Download Design, Construct and Demonstrate a Device

SPH3U
Unit Objectives / Study Guide
SPH3U
COURSE INTRODUCTION
End of Course Project: due Jan 14 - 24, 2008
Problem Solving - Design, Construct and Demonstrate an
Investigation
End of Unit Projects
A. WonderCoaster design and build
B. Gravitational potential and mechanical energy in roller coasters.
C. Prototype of musical instrument, concert hall, or sound proof room.
D. Prototype of telescope, microscope, binoculars, periscope, or device
producing a mirage or a shimmering effect.
E. Prototype of an electric bell, loudspeaker, ammeter, electric motor, or electric
generator.
Throughout the course
 Work safely – know WHMIS symbols
 Learn to use a variety of instruments properly
 Design and carry out experiments and create lab reports
 Use your textbook, library and Internet sites to learn
 Compile, organize, and interpret data, using tables, flow charts, graphs,
and diagrams
 Explain and predict the behaviour of natural phenomena with models.
 Identify and solve the problems using a variety of problem-solving skills.
 Use appropriate SI units and apply unit analysis techniques;
 Use appropriate methods (e.g., algebraic equations, vector diagrams, ray
diagrams, graphs, graphing programs, spreadsheets) to communicate
scientific ideas, plans, and experimental results;
 Demonstrate a working understanding of measurement accuracy,
precision and uncertainty
 Use the proper number of decimal places or significant figures in all
calculations;
 Identify and describe science- and technology-based careers.
SPH3U
Unit Objectives / Study Guide
UNIT A: Forces and Motion
Objectives
1. Define and describe the following concepts and units related to force and
motion: vectors, scalars, displacement, uniform motion, instantaneous and
average velocity, uniform acceleration, instantaneous and average
acceleration, applied force, net force, static friction, kinetic friction,
coefficients of friction.
2. Describe and explain different kinds of motion
3. Interpret graphs that represent an object’s motion.
4. Calculate displacement, velocity, and acceleration in specific contexts;
5. Use vector diagrams to analyse uniform motion in the horizontal plane in a
variety of situations.
6. Identify and describe the fundamental forces of nature;
7. Analyse and describe the gravitational force acting on an object near, and
at a distance from, the surface of the Earth;
8. Use free-body diagrams to analyse and describe the forces acting on an
object, and determine the acceleration of the object;
9. State Newton’s three laws
10. Apply Newton’s laws to explain the motion of objects in a variety of
contexts.
11. Use Newton’s second law to calculate net force, mass, and acceleration of
an object.
SPH3U
Unit Objectives / Study Guide
UNIT B: Energy, Work and Power
Objectives
1. Define and describe the following concepts and units related to energy,
work, and power : energy, work, power, gravitational potential energy,
kinetic energy, thermal energy and its transfer [heat], efficiency.
2. Identify conditions required for work to be done
3. Calculate the work, force, and displacement along the line of the force.
4. Apply the law of conservation of energy to simple situations involving
work, gravitational potential energy, and kinetic energy.
5. Apply the law of conservation of energy to thermal energy and its transfer
(heat).
6. Calculate power, energy, and time in a variety of contexts;
7. Describe and calculate per-cent efficiency, input energy, and useful output
energy for several energy transformations.
SPH3U
Unit Objectives / Study Guide
Unit C: Waves and Sound
Objectives
1. Define and describe the following concepts and units related to
mechanical waves : longitudinal wave, transverse wave, cycle, period,
frequency, amplitude, phase, wavelength, velocity, superposition,
constructive and destructive interference, standing waves, and resonance.
2. Describe and illustrate the properties of transverse and longitudinal waves
in different media.
3. Calculate the velocity of waves traveling in various media.
4. Compare the speed of sound in different media.
5. Describe the effect of temperature on the speed of sound.
6. Explain and graphically illustrate the principle of superposition.
7. Identify examples of constructive and destructive interference.
8. Analyse the components of resonance.
9. Identify the conditions required for resonance to occur in vibrating objects
and in various media.
10. Identify the properties of standing waves
11. Explain the conditions required for standing waves to occur for both
mechanical and sound waves.
12. Explain the Doppler effect.
13. Predict in qualitative terms the frequency change that will occur due to the
Doppler effect in a variety of conditions.
14. Analyse, in quantitative terms, the conditions needed for resonance in air
columns
15. Explain how resonance is used in a variety of situations
16. Calculate resonance conditions in air columns
17. Identify musical instruments using air columns, and explain how different
notes are produced.
SPH3U
Unit Objectives / Study Guide
Unit D: Light and Geometric Optics
Objectives
1. Define and describe the following concepts and units related to light :
reflection, refraction, partial reflection and refraction, index of refraction,
total internal reflection, critical angle, focal point, image.
2. Describe the scientific model for light and use it to explain the following
optical effects that occur as natural phenomena : apparent depth,
shimmering, mirage, rainbow.
3. Use Snell’s law to predict (calculate) the refraction of light as it passes
from one medium to another.
4. Use light-ray diagrams to explain the conditions required for total internal
reflection
5. Analyse and describe situations in which total internal reflection occurs.
6. Use light-ray diagrams to describe and explain the characteristics and
positions of the images formed by convex and concave lenses.
7. Describe the effects of converging and diverging lenses on light
8. Explain why converging and diverging types of lens are used in specific
optical devices.
9. Determine the characteristics and positions of images formed by lenses.
SPH3U
Unit Objectives / Study Guide
Unit E: Electricity and Magnetism
Objectives
1. Define and describe the following concepts and units related to electricity and
magnetism: electric charge, electric current, electric potential, electron flow, magnetic
field, electromagnetic induction, energy, power, kilowatt-hour.
2. Describe the two conventions used to denote the direction of movement of electric
charge in an electric circuit (i.e., electric current [movement of positive charge] and
electron flow [movement of negative charge]), recognizing that electric current is the
preferred convention;
3. Describe the properties, including the three-dimensional nature, of magnetic fields;
4. Describe and illustrate the magnetic field produced by an electric current in a long
straight conductor and in a solenoid;
5. Use the right-hand rule to analyse and predict the direction of the magnetic field
produced when electric current flows through a long straight conductor and through a
solenoid;
6. State the motor principle
7. Explain the factors that affect the force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field
8. Use the right-hand rule to illustrate the resulting motion in a current-carrying conductor;
9. Analyse and describe electromagnetic induction in qualitative terms
10. Apply Lenz’s law to explain, predict, and illustrate the direction of the electric current
induced by a changing magnetic field, using the right-hand rule;
11. Compare direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) in qualitative terms
12. Explain the importance of alternating current in the transmission of electrical energy;
13. Explain the operation of transformers in terms of the interaction of electricity and
magnetism
14. Describe the basic parts and the operation of step-up and step-down transformers
15. Solve problems involving energy, power, potential difference, current, and the number of
turns in the primary and secondary coils of a transformer.
SPH3U
Unit Objectives / Study Guide
FINAL ASSESSMENT TASKS (10 hours)
Jan 13 – 23, 2003
Written Exam Preparation
Individually: Create concept maps, summary tables, and a formula sheet.
Groups: brainstorm and design possible exam questions and review past
quizzes and tests
Design, Construct and Demonstrate a Device
Use one of the devices made during the end of unit projects to
demonstrate and explain concepts across the several units of this course.
You will research and prepare a technical report on the device with a
description of the design process and the inclusion of a detailed
explanation of the physics principles involved.