Download CLAVICLE

CLAVICLE
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of lecture the student should be able to :
At the end of lecture the student should be able to :
•
Recognize the bone
•
Identify the site of bone
•
Mention the bony land marks of bone like borders ,surfaces and land marked used for bond
determination.
•
Discuss the attachments of muscles.
INTRODUCTION
• The clavicle or collar bone receives its name from the Latin clavicula
("little key") because the bone rotates along its axis like a key when the
shoulder is abducted.
• Long bone.
• Makes up part of the shoulder girdle.
• “S” shaped
THE CLAVICLE
• Convex in shape anteriorly near the sternal junction.
• Concave anteriorly on its lateral edge near the acromion.
THE CLAVICLE
• Connects the arm to the body.
• Located directly above the first rib.
• Has a rounded medial end and a flattened lateral end.
• Acts as a strut.
• Medially, it articulates with the manubrium at the sternoclavicular joint.
• At its lateral end it articulates with the acromion of the scapula at the
acromioclavicular joint.
SIDE DETERMINATION
• The medial 2/3rd is rounded
• The lateral 1/3rd is flat
• The undersurface bears a subclavian groove which extends as far as Conoid
tubercle
DEVELOPMENT
• First bone to begin the process of ossification during development of the
embryo (5th - 6th weeks of gestation).
•
One of the last bones to finish ossification, (21-25 years of age)
• Intramembranous ossification.
• It is ossified from three centers—
•
Two primary centers, a medial and a lateral, for the body, which appear
during the fifth or sixth week of fetal life;
• And a secondary center for the sternal end, which appears about the
eighteenth or twentieth year, and unites with the rest of the bone about the
twenty-fifth year.
FUNCTIONS OF CLAVICLE
• Transmits physical impacts from the upper limb to the axial skeleton
• Covers the cervicoaxillary canal, through which several important structures
pass.
• Serves as a rigid support from which the scapula and free limb are
suspended.
• This arrangement keeps the upper limb away from the thorax so that the arm
has maximum range of movement.
DIFFERENCE ACC. TO GENDER
• In the female,
The clavicle is shorter,thinner, less curved and smoother than in the male.
The acromial end is a little below the level of the sternal end ;
• In the male;
It is on a level with, or slightly higher than, the sternal end.
CLAVICLE-Medial and Lateral articulations
• Sternoclavicular Articulation.
The left shoulder and acromioclavicular joints
ATTACHMENTS
Attachments on clavicle
Muscle/Ligament
Superior surface and anterior border
Deltoid
Superior surface
Trapezius
Inferior surface
Subclavius
Inferior surface
Conoid ligament
Inferior surface
Trapezoid ligament
Anterior border
Pectoralis major
Posterior border
Sternocleidomastoid
Posterior border
Sternohyoid
Posterior border
Trapezius
THE CLAVICLE; ATTACHMENTS
THE
CLAVICLE; ATTACHMENTS
THE CLAVICLE; ATTACHMENTS
1. Pectoralis major
2. Deltoid
3. Trapezius
4. Sternocleidomastoid
5. Trapezoid Ligament
6. Conoid Ligament
7. Subclavius and clavipectoral fashia
8. Costoclavicular Ligament
9. Sternohyoid
10.Sternal end with articular cartilage
11.Acromial end with articular cartilage
APPLIED ANATOMY,
Common Clavicle Injuries
• Acromioclavicular dislocation
• Sternoclavicular dislocations
• Clavicle fractures
• Osteolysis
• Degeneration of the clavicle
CLAVICLE FRACTURES
• Clavicle fractures involve approximately 5% of all fractures seen in hospital
emergency admissions.
• It is most often fractured in the middle third of its length at the junction of its
lateral with its intermediate third, that is to say, at the junction of the two
curves, for this is its weakest part.
• Children and infants are particularly prone to it.
• Fall on an outstretched arm.
• Medial end is lifted upwards by the pull of sternocleidomastoid.
• Lateral end is pulled downwards by the weight of the arm and effect of
gravity.
CLAVICLE FRACTURES
CLAVICLE FRACTURES
SYMPTOMS OF FRACTURED CLAVICLE
• Pain, particularly with upper extremity movement
• Swelling
• Referred pain: dull to extreme ache in and around clavicle area,
including surrounding muscles.
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