Download Organization of Flowering Plants

Organization of Flowering Plants
Introduction
• Flowering plants have 3 vegetative organs that function in
growth and nutrition but not in reproduction.
A stem
1.Supports the leaves
so that they are
exposed to sunlight.
2. Transport water to
the leaves.
Leaves:
Carry on photosynthesis
, produce the nutrients
for plant.
Roots functions:
1 ) anchor a plant
2)absorb water and
minerals from the soil
Introduction
• The root, stem and leaves contain various tissues, arranged
differently depending on whether flowering plants is a
Monocot or Eudicot.
Flowering
plant
Herbaceous
Have primary
growth.
Woody
Have primary
and
secondary
growth
Primary growth: increases the height.
Secondary growth: increases the girth of a tree.
Flowering plant are classified into 2
groups
Root system
Shoot system
Apical meristem
Root and shoot tips contain apical meristem that continually divides by mitosis to produce
new cells developed to one of the three specialized tissue systems in plants
Mitosis
Parenchyma and sclerenchyma are in ground tissues.
Phloem contains sieve- tube members which contain cytoplasm but no nucleus,
however, each contains a companion cell that contains a nucleus.
Root system
Root tip
Anatomy of eudicot root
Food storage
• Epidermis outer layer of small cells: protect
inner tissues and absorbs water and minerals.
• Cortex: consist of several layers of thin- walled
Dicot root
Pricycle
Pricycle
Root diversity
Shoot system
1. Herbaceous
 monocots.
 some dicots, such as those that live a single season.
2.Woody
Dicots, such as trees.
Epidermis: the outer protective layer.
Cortex: which may photosynthesize or store nutrients.
Vascular bundle: transports water and organic nutrients.
Pith: stores organic nutrients.
Herbaceous Monocot Stem
Monocot stem
dicot stem
Anatomy of woody stems
• In primary growth the apical meristem within a
terminal bud is active.
• In secondary growth: the vascular cambium is active.
• Vascular cambium: is meristem tissue, which
produces new xylem and phloem called secondary
xylem and phloem each year.
• Wood: is the buildup of secondary xylem year after
year .
A anatomy of winter Twig
A winter twig shows several years past
primary growth.
Terminal bud scales: is located at the tip of
the twig, this is where new primary growth
will originate.
Terminal bud scales scar: indicate where the
terminal bud was located in previous years.
The distance between tow adjacent terminal
bud scales scars = one year's growth.
Leaf scar: is where the leaf was attached to
the stem.
Node: is a region where leaf scars and
bundle scar was found.
Axillary bud: the place where new branch
growth can occur.
Anatomy of Woody Stem
Bark(the dark outer area) contains:
1. cork: protective outer layer.
2. cortex: which store nutrients.
3. phloem: transports organic
nutrients.
Vascular cambium:
 at the inner edge of the bark
between the bark and the wood.
 Is meristem tissue, its activity
accounts for secondary growth.(
secondary phloem (disappears) and
secondary xylem (are build up) are
produced by vascular cambium each
growing season.
Leaves
Dicot leaf
Monocot leaf