Download We have two types

Fungal Infections of the skin
Superficial and cutaneous infections
Superficial Mycoses They include :
2- Tinea nigra
3- Piedra
Tinea nigra
Piedra
-Asymptomatic infection of the
hair shaft, causing nodules on
the hair shaft
Definition :
Tinea versicolor is a long-term
(chronic) fungal infection of the
skin
Symptoms
The infection causes patches of
discolored skin that may be:
Definition : Superficial
fungal infection ,
Causes dark brown to
black painless patches
on the palms of the
hands and the soles of
the feet .
- Colored white, pink, tan or dark brown
- More noticeable after sun exposure.
- Hot, humid weather
Causes :
Exophiala werneckii
-Excessive sweating
-Oily skin
Etiology
Diagnosis
-Potassium hydroxide (KOH)
-Positive for short hyphae and yeast cells
(Spaghetti and meatballs)
Culture
Malassezia furfur
-It is a Yeast, Lipophilic
-To grow, oil should be added to the media
Trichosporon beigelii
Dark pigmented nodules
Lightly pigmented, white
to brown nodules
Soft, loosely attached
Diagnosis
Diagnosis :
-It is a Yeast, Lipophilic
- Skin scraping
Piedraia hortae
Hard and firmly attached to hair
shaft
-Weakened immune system
-Normal flora of skin
White piedra
( Hortaea werneckii)
-Hormonal changes
-Malassezia furfur, and Malassezia globosa
We have two types :
Black
piedra
- Slow-growing, scaly and mildly itchy.
Causes
-On scalp hair, mustache, and
beard
-Skin scrapings : In KOH
will show brown septate
hyphae.
-Culture on SDA &
Mycobiotic : Growth of
dematiaceous fungus .
Epilated hairs with white soft
nodules present on the shaft .
Culture: Sabouraud's
dextrose agar (SDA)
Definition
Tinea versicolor is a
long-term (chronic)
fungal infection of
the skin .
Symptoms
Causes
The infection
causes patches of
discolored skin
that may be:
-Hot, humid
weather .
-Excessive
sweating .
-Oily skin .
-Hormonal
changes .
-Weakened
immune system .
-Colored white,
pink, tan or dark
brown .
-Slow-growing,
scaly and mildly
itchy .
-More noticeable
after sun
exposure .
Tinea nigra
Superficial fungal
infection .
dark brown to
black painless
patches the palms
of the hands and
the soles of the
feet .
Etiology
-Malassezia
furfur, and
Malassezia
globosa
-It is a Yeast,
Lipophilic
-Normal flora
of skin
piedra
Black piedra :
Piedraia hortae
Dark pigmented nodules
Hard and firmly attached to hair shaft
Fungal infections of the Keratinized tissues of the
body .
-They are primary pathogens .
- Contagious
Tinea or Ringworm :
T. capiti
scalp
T. corporis
glabrous skin
T. pedis
foot (Athlete’s foot)
T. cruris
groin
Tinea Capitis
-Skin scraping
-Potassium
hydroxide (KOH)
-Positive for
short hyphae and
yeast cells
(Spaghetti and
meatballs)
-Malassezia furfur
-It is a Yeast, Lipophilic
-To grow, oil should be
added to the media
Epilated hairs
with white soft
nodules present
on the shaft.
Sabouraud's dextrose agar
(SDA)
White piedra :
Trichosporon beigelii
Lightly pigmented, white to brown nodules
Soft, loosely attached
Dermatophytosis
is a fungal
infection of the
scalp and hair
shafts
Culture
-Exophiala
werneckii
(Hortaea
werneckii)
We have two types :
Asymptomatic
infection of the hair
shaft, causing nodules
on the hair shaft
On scalp hair,
mustache, and beard .
Diagnosis
Dermatophytes Etiology :
A group of related fungi called dermatophytes (filamentous fungi)
-
Microsporum - infections on skin and hair
Epidermophyton - infections on skin and nails
Trichophyton - infections on skin, hair, and nails
- One or more round patches of scaly skin
where the hair has broken off at or just above
the scalp.
- Patches that slowly expand or enlarge.
- Scaly, gray or reddened areas.
- Patches that have small black dots where the
hair has broken off at the scalp.
- Brittle or fragile hair that easily pulls out.
- Tender or painful areas on the scalp.
dermatophytes
Complications :
Morphology of lesion :
Kerion !
Broken hairs, black dots,
localized .
Woods Lamp :
Blue green .
Definition
Tinea Corporis
Ringworm
(body)
Candidiasis
(Yeast
Infection)
Oral Candidiasis
(Thrush)
Yeast
Infection of
the Genitals
Diaper Rash
Invasive Yeast
Infection
( candidemia )
Symptoms
Causes
Etiology
develops on
the top layer
of your skin .
-A circular rash on the skin that's red
characterized
by an itchy,
red circular
rash with
healthylooking skin in
the middle.
-Slightly raised expanding rings of red,
scaly skin on your trunk or face.
Candidiasis is a
fungal infection
that can affect
areas such as
the:
-Skin
-Genitals
-Throat
-Mouth
-Blood
Types of candidiasis :
If the infection in the :
A yeast
infection of
the mouth or
throat area .
Culture
Complications :
A fungal infection
rarely spreads
below the surface
of the skin to cause
serious illness !
-A round, flat patch of itchy skin .
- people with weak
immune systems,
such as those with
HIV/AIDS, may find
it difficult to get rid
of the infection !
- mouth or throat
oral candidiasis, or thrush.
-genital area
yeast infection.
-skin on a baby's bottom area
diaper rash.
-enters your bloodstream
candidemia .
-Redness or discomfort in the
mouth area .
-Sore throat and difficulty
swallowing .
-Cracking at corners of the mouth
where your lips meet .
-Extreme itching in the vaginal
area .
-Soreness and redness in the
vaginal area .
-White, clumpy vaginal discharge
that looks like cottage cheese !
Infection that
affects the skin
on a baby's
bottom area .
-Dark red patches of skin in the
Health problems
can cause more
yeast to grow,
particularly in
warm, moist body
areas .
invasive candidiasis or
-White spots inside the mouth and
on the tongue .
Infection that
affects
Genitals
organ .
Vaginal yeast
infections are
common in
women !
Infection that
enters into
the
bloodstream
dermatophytes
and inflamed around the edge and
healthy looking in the middle !
Diagnosis
Untreated thrush
may infect
bloodstream, which
can be very
dangerous !
-Healthy adults do not usually get thrush.
It is most often seen in:
-Infants
-Elderly
-Patients getting chemotherapy .
-People with AIDS or other conditions that
weaken the immune system .
It is important to get treated for a genital
yeast infection. You may pass the infection
back and forth to a sexual partner !
-Painful intercourse .
diaper area, especially in the folds
of skin near the thighs .
-Yellow, fluid-filled spots that can
break open and become flaky .
fever and chills !
-This infection may happen if patient have
a weakened immune system and a yeast
infection goes untreated !
-This type of infection is more often seen in
people who are or have been in the
hospital !
You will be given antifungal
medicine
by mouth or through an IV
for several weeks .