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• This presentation explains the Circulatory
System, and what it does.
• We will be showing the arrangement of a
mature and an immature system and we
will explain their differences.
• We will then show the structure of a
Circulatory System, and explain about
blood, blood cells, and a heart beat.
Immature circulatory
system.
This diagram shows the circulatory system of an
unborn foetus. This is called an immature
system as it is not completely dependant and
relies upon the mother to expel waste products
and supply oxygen.
The purple blood shows the mixed blood of
baby and mother. This is how the baby expels
any waste products from its kidneys or liver and
takes oxygen to its organs.
The red blood is oxygen rich blood that the
mother is supplying her baby. Once it leaves
the umbilical cord it is then mixed with the
foetus blood.
The blue blood in this diagram is deoxygenated
blood that the foetus has used all the
nourishment from. An immature system is one
that only unborn babies have when their blood
supply and waste functions are still linked to
their mother.
Mature Circulatory
System.
The opposite picture shows the
arrangement of a mature circulatory
system. The red blood symbolises
oxygenated blood flowing through the
body. The blue blood symbolises deoxygenated blood flowing through the
body. A mature system is a system
which does not rely on another
person to expel waste products. i.e.
an unborn foetus.
So, what are the differences?
Each system is different, however
there are two main differences.
The 1st difference in the systems is
that whereas mature systems only
have oxygenated and
deoxygenated blood, an immature
system also has mixed blood from
the mother and baby.
The second difference is that an
immature system has to take
oxygen from the mother whereas a
mature system is able to breathe
oxygen. A mature system is also is
able to expel its own waste via its
kidneys and liver, whereas an
immature system is not able to do
this until it is disconnected from its
mothers blood supply at birth.
•
The heart is the centre of your
body’s transport system, pumping
blood to every part of your body
(This is called the Circulatory
System)
•
One circuit connects your heart to
your lungs.
•
A second circuit carries blood from
the abdomen area and carries it to
the liver.
•
The third circuit sends blood
around to the body and back
again.
• Blood flows around your body in the same direction and the whole
circuit is complete in about 45 seconds.
• It is pumped along by your heart in a network of tubes. Blood rich in
oxygen flows through your arteries and this is the main route that the
blood travels from your heart to all the parts of your body.
• Artery walls are thick and wide so that blood flows quickly and
cannot escape. When arteries meet organs and muscle, they
become smaller and branch out into fine hair-like capillaries.
• These capillaries have thin walls so that oxygen and nutrients can
seep through them.
• Your body cells take the useful things from the blood and deposit
waste and carbon dioxide back into it.
• The blood then passes through smaller tubes called veins, back into
your heart, moving more slowly because the pressure is lower.
• In order to make sure that blood does not slip backwards, veins
have valves which open to let the blood flow through, then the
weight of the blood closes the valve behind it.
The circulatory system plays a vital part in the way our bodies
work.
The circulatory system consists of the heart and blood vessels.
It serves as the body's transportation system.
The Circulatory System transports nutrients, water, and oxygen to
your billions of body cells and carries away wastes such as carbon
dioxide that body cells produce
The heart pumps blood to the lungs It then travels back to
the heart and is pumped all over the body. Delivering
oxygen where needed.
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More than half of your blood is made up of a yellowish watery fluid called
plasma, which contains digested foods, mineral salts and hormones.
About 45% of your blood is made up of solids called blood cells or corpuscles.
There are three types of blood cells;
Red Blood Cells –
which take their
colour from haemoglobin.
White Blood Cells –
protect your body
from viruses called
bacteria that cause
disease.
Platelets –are tiny parts
of blood cells which helps
your blood to clot so that
grazes can heal.
Red Blood Cells are
responsible for carrying oxygen
and carbon dioxide. Red Blood
Cells pick up oxygen in the lungs
and transport it to all the body
cells. After delivering the oxygen
to the cells it gathers up the
carbon dioxide and transports
carbon dioxide back to the lungs
where it is removed from the
body when we exhale. There are
about 5,000,000 Red Blood Cells
in ONE drop of blood.
White Blood Cells help the body
fight off germs. White Blood Cells
attack and destroy germs when
they enter the body. When we
have infections our bodies will
produce more White Blood Cells
to help fight the infection.
Platelets are blood cells
that help stop bleeding.
When we cut ourselves we
break a blood vessel and
we bleed. In order to stop
the bleeding the platelets
start to stick to the opening
of the broken blood vessels
this forms a plug to seal the
broken blood vessel and
stop the bleeding.
Plasma is the liquid part of
the blood. Approximately half
of your blood is made of
plasma. The plasma carries
the blood cells and other
components throughout the
body. Plasma is made in the
liver.
1. The muscles of the
heart's upper
chambers contract
and push the
blood into the
relaxed ventricles.
2. The thick,
muscular walls of
the ventricles
contract and the
rising pressure
snaps shut the
valves which
separate the upper
and lower
chambers. This
makes the first
sound you can
hear in the
heartbeat
3. The upper chambers fill with
blood from the body and lungs
this is the diastole of the upper
chambers. In the meantime, the
lower chambers of ventricles are
full of blood, ready to go to the
lungs and main arteries. The
semi-lunar valves are closed.
4. The ventricles contract and force
the semi-lunar valves open.
Blood leaves the ventricles and
enter the main arteries. At the
same time blood flows in to the
relaxed upper chambers. As the
ventricles relax the pressure in
the main arteries force the semi
lunar valves shut making the
second sound of the heartbeat.
• Reduce the risk of premature death
• Reduce the risk of developing and/or dying from heart disease
• Reduce high blood pressure or the risk of developing high
blood pressure
• Reduce high cholesterol or the risk of developing high
cholesterol
• Reduce the risk of developing colon cancer and breast cancer
• Reduce the risk of developing diabetes
• Reduce or maintain body weight or body fat
• Build and maintain healthy muscles, bones, and joints
• Reduce depression and anxiety
• Improve psychological well-being
• Enhanced work, recreation, and sport performance