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Instructor Anthony Johnson Course Music 100 INTRODUCTION TO MUSIC NOTATION & MELODY MUSIC: NOTATION Introduction Some people think trying to read music is hard and difficult. The following set of pages will try to introduce the most important topics in reading music in a very easy to understand way. Don't expect to fly through all the lessons and understand. As with anything new, it'll appear complicated and complex but as you look at the examples and read the explanations it will make sense. With that said, lets go on and introduce the first lesson. MUSIC: NOTATION Clefs There are 2 basic kinds of clefs. The clef you will see on your music depends on what instrument you play. Treble Clef Bass Clef You might wonder why there are 2 different clefs. The reason is that most instruments using the bass clef usually have a lower pitch (sound) and regularly play low notes. If they were to use the treble clef the notes would appear so far below the staff it would be hard to read. The treble clef: MUSIC: NOTATION Play the note 1/2 step up (Sharp) Play the note 1/2 step down (Flat) Play the note normally; pay no attention to the key signature The art of producing significant arrangements of sounds, usually with reference to rhythm, pitch and tone colour. 3. A succession or combination of notes, especially if pleasing to the ear. Play example MUSIC: MELODY Melody This is the organized series of pitches. The melody can be built on any scale. Melodic line If we think of the succession of notes as a graph, and we plot them in a given order if you look we create what we can see as a line. In easier terms this is called the melodic line. A succession of notes forming a distinctive sequence. MUSIC: MELODY Melody Theses arrangements of pitches can come a wide variety of shapes. With this in mind the use of melodic line we are able to convey a wide array of melodic emotions. For example if we go lower and slower this may portray a sense of evil. Long drawn out notes of the same pitch portray a sense fright or a feeling that we are ominously being watched without knowing. Short jagged melodies are often portraying nervousness or agitations announcements of royalty or fanfaring. Remember that unlike any other part of the musical construction, the melody will evoke the human sentiments more directly than anything else. Examples MUSIC: MELODY Tunes These are the melodies that are most recognizable. They are easy to remember and easy to sing along with when listening. The best example is popular music played on the radio. Why are they so easy to remember or sing along with? The melody is repeated over and over many times throughout the piece of music, it is a special type of melody, why, because it is only the tune and nothing else like harmony. Examples Bee Gees One Tr.1 Ryan Blau Hero to the world Tr. 1 The Toys Lovers Concerto Tr. 3 An American Symphony Tr.12 MUSIC: MOTIVES AND THEMES Motive A distinctive fragment of a melody, which makes it very easily recognizable as it returns throughout the entirety of the piece of music. They are much shorter than tunes. Example Beethoven’s 5th Symphony Tr. 5 Remember in music, a leading phrase or figure that is reproduced and varied through the course of a composition or movement. MUSIC: MOTIVES AND THEMES Themes A theme is the material, or topic that is usually a recognizable melody, upon which part or all of a composition is based. melodic subject of a musical composition; "the theme is announced in the first measures"; "the accompanist picked up the idea and elaborated it” Beethoven 9th Symphony last movement 2:38 into music the theme is most noticable. When you have the same melody using different pitches than when it was first introduced it is called a sequence. a successive transposition and repetition ol' a phrase at different pitches. MUSIC: CHARACTERISTICS OF TUNES Phrases a single line of music, usually played or sung by a single musician in one real or metaphorical breath. Also tunes that fall naturally into smaller sections. Star Spangled Banner Balance of Phrases Most phrases are almost always the same bar lengths. MUSIC: CHARACTERISTICS OF TUNES Parallelism and Contrast Parallelism often means that the music is the same only using different words Contrast often means that the composer will shorten or lengthen different phrases to change up what is being listened to and and dimensions to the music. Climax and Cadence Climax is the the highest point of the music either the loudest r even the highest pitches used in the music. Cadence is a natural stopping point or ending to the musical theme or piece. QUESTIONS & DISCUSSION Most tunes have a high point. What is the musical term for this? Climax Tunes tend to be? Simple and easily singable An organized series of pitches played or sung in a certain rhythm is called? Melody The moments at the ends of phrases where a melody pauses or stops altogether is called? Cadences