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Course Name: Health Semester: 1 Unit Number: 2 Section Number: 5 PAGE 1 CONTENT TECHNICAL ELEMENTS (Tutorials, avatars, images/graphics, audio, etc.) Section 5: Understanding And Developing Identity Insert image 2.5.1 – use image similar to <Insert image 2.5.1> http://downloads.clipart.com/83949870.jpg?t=1229122910&h=329781e33c66df5ed7fe75667ac 101a2&u=kcdl What makes you you? Knowing yourself well and making healthy choices based on that knowledge is an important part of creating strong mental and emotional health. In this section, you will be asked to explore what creates and affects your personal identity and your self-esteem. You will also learn about mental disorders with two example disorders: ADHD and eating disorders. Insert image 2.5.1 alt tag – Smiling teen girl Insert image 2.5.1 title – Smiling teen girl 2 Section Objectives After you have completed this section, you will be able to: 1Define identity, self-esteem and mental disorders. 2. Explain issues of identity and strategies to develop self-esteem. 3. Research information about personality theories and evaluate it based on your values and beliefs. 4. Describe the causes, symptoms, and treatment of disorders such as ADHD and eating disorders. 3 Section Assignments In this section you will complete the following graded assignments: Personality Research and Writing Activity 30 points Understanding and Developing Identity Quiz 30 points Insert image 2.5.4 – use image similar to 4 Section Warm-Up: Personality Quiz <Insert image 2.5.4> Are you more introverted or extroverted? Are you more of a “feeler” or a “thinker”? Follow this link to test your possible personality type and get some information about what causes and creates personality: http://www.humanmetrics.com/cgi-win/JTypes2.asp http://downloads.clipart.com/83938472.jpg?t=1229365756&h=b45c683d9d844456bdf381e64d1 37ab0&u=kcdl Insert image 2.5.4 alt tag – Young woman happy in a natural setting with trees Insert image 2.5.4 title – Young woman happy PAGE 5 CONTENT Personality and Identity TECHNICAL ELEMENTS (Tutorials, avatars, images/graphics, audio, etc.) <in Insert image 2.5.5> Import photo from existing course Unit1.Section1.Page1 Your Personality Why are you the way you are? What makes you unique? Why do you act and react in certain predictable ways? Your personality is a combination of many characteristics that makes you different from any other person. Personality is made up of your emotional needs, attitudes, thoughts, and daily behaviors. Personality is the topic for the popular discussion of “nature” vs. “nurture.” What is most influential in making you the person you are today, the environment you grow up in or the traits you inherited from your parents? Most psychologists now agree that environment and heredity both greatly influence the person you have and will become. But how do personalities develop? In the following assignment, you will explore three of the most prominent theories of personality development. You will examine the theories of Sigmund Freud, Erik Erikson, and Abraham Maslow (shown below, in order) and evaluate them to see which ideas from the theories match your own personality development. <Insert image 2.5.5> Import photo from existing course Unit1.Section1.Page1 6 Personality Research and Writing Assignment 30 points <Insert image 2.5.6> Import same photo again from existing course Unit1.Section1.Page1 <Insert image 2.5.6> Import same photo again from existing course Unit1.Section1.Page1 <Insert link to 6+1 Traits of Writing Rubric> Part One: For part one of your writing assignment, go to your favorite search engine to research the developmental and personality theories of Sigmund Freud, Eric Erikson, and Abraham Maslow using keywords: developmental and personality theory and the person’s name. Complete the following: 1. 2. 3. In your own words, briefly explain Sigmund Freud’s views of the Id,theego, and thesuper ego. What are the theory’s main ideas? In your own words, briefly explain Eric Erikson’s eight stages of personality development. What are the theory’s main ideas? In your own words, briefly explain Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs (you might remember these from a previous section!). What are the theory’s main ideas? Part Two: Now, using your research, evaluate these theories based on your own ideas of yourself: your beliefs and values. Write a brief essay of more than six paragraphs that answers the following:What are your main personality traits? First, briefly describe the attitudes, behaviors and beliefs that you feel make you unique. Next, evaluate your own theory of how you developed your personality, using ideas from the three theories you have researched. What points in Freud, Erikson or Maslow seem to make sense when you think of how you developed your personality? State PAGE CONTENT TECHNICAL ELEMENTS (Tutorials, avatars, images/graphics, audio, etc.) which ideas from which theories help explain this. Finally, sum up your essay with a conclusion about which theory has most impacted the person you have become. Make sure to explain why. Save both Part One and Part Two in the same word document and turn them in to the Health teacher. Please use the following link to see the 6+1 Traits of Writing Rubric your teacher will use to grade your writing assignment. <Insert link to 6+1 Traits of Writing Rubric> 7 Developing Positive Identity Insert image 2.5.7.1 – use image similar to <Insert image 2.5.7.1> http://downloads.clipart.com/19214531.jpg?t=1229370150&h=189ef5d9164eb18956e979781a9 7160d&u=kcdl Now that you have explored some ideas about what makes you unique, how would you explain who you are as a person? You might start with your name, where you are from, and how old you are. You might talk about your relationships—who your friends are, what your family is like, if you have siblings and where you stand in the birth order. Next, you might talk about what you are good at and what you like to do—your hobbies,talents, and passions. Finally, you may talk about your goals and dreams, what you hope to accomplish in the future. All of these attributes combine to create your personal identity. Insert image 2.5.7.1 alt tag – Man celebrating in the sunshine Insert image 2.5.7.1 title – Man celebrating <Insert interactive question 2.5.7.1> Please include a sound element when students click for the answer. <Insert image 2.5.7.2> What makes up your identity? Click below to see which pieces combine to create your identity: <Insert hidden answer series 2.5.7.1> alongside this question, <Insert image 2.5.7.2> <Insert interactive question 2.5.7.2> http://downloads.clipart.com/19156619.jpg?t=1229368080&h=abb4d196a70296b4956a99a269f d02f9&u=kcdl <Insert hidden answer series 2.5.7.2> Insert image 2.5.7.2 alt tag – Man holding sign: Hello My Name Is… Insert image 2.5.7.2 title – Man holding sign <Insert interactive question 2.5.7.1> <Insert hidden answer series 2.5.7.1> (please make each bullet point a separate hidden answer for the one question above: Your relationships with family, friends and community Your Interests Your talents and abilities Your values and beliefs Your goals PAGE CONTENT TECHNICAL ELEMENTS (Tutorials, avatars, images/graphics, audio, etc.) <Insert interactive question 2.5.7.2> Please include a sound element when students click for the answer. What are some ways to develop a positive identity? Click below to see some strategies: <Insert hidden answer series 2.5.7.2> (please make each bullet point a separate hidden answer for the one question above: 8 Recognize your strengths and weaknesses. Take pride in your strengths and accomplishments. Be realistic about your weaknesses without being self-critical, and set goals to make improvements. Develop and demonstrate your positive values. What is most important to you? Showing honesty, integrity, responsibility, understanding and compassion in the way you treat yourself and others helps you develop positive identity and self-esteem. Create a sense of life purpose. This means making goals for what you want to accomplish and then creating steps to reach them. Instead of thinking, “What will I be when I grow up?” think, “What do I most love, and how can I create goals that grow from that love?” Develop healthy relationships. Being able to express your true self to friends and family helps you develop a sincere identity and helps you feel valued as an individual. How can you work now to develop a strong support system through expressing your true needs and ideas? Avoid unhealthy and risky behavior. Healthy risk-taking is an important part of growing. When you decide to run one more mile to test your long-distance running endurance, you are taking a healthy risk. Reaching out to a new friend is another example of a healthy risk. Examples of unhealthy risks include using tobacco, alcohol or drugs, participating in violence, or driving dangerously. Developing Positive Identity: Health Blitz Game <Insert Health Blitz Game 2.5.8> Make each question worth 4 points: Play the following Blitz Game to test your knowledge of ways to develop your personal identity. Feel free to go to the previous section to review before playing the game. <Turn this into Health Blitz Game> <Insert Health Blitz Game 2.5.8> Question MC Choices (* indicate correct answer) You have worked hard to develop your soccer skills and you are proud of yourself for your accomplishments. This is an example of: A. cognitive theory. B. developing healthy relationships. *C. recognizing strengths. You decide to be brave and try out for the theater club, even though you know you are afraid to speak out in front of large groups of people. This is an example of: *A. healthy risk-taking. B. unhealthy risk-taking. C. recognizing strengths. A. developing healthy You want to go to college so that you can realize your dream of relationships. becoming a veterinarian. This is an example of: *B. creating a sense of life PAGE CONTENT TECHNICAL ELEMENTS (Tutorials, avatars, images/graphics, audio, etc.) purpose. C. healthy risk-taking. 9 In a difficult situation where you may be blamed for something you did not do, you tell the truth because honesty is something you believe strongly in. This is an example of: A. creating a sense of life purpose. *B. demonstrating your positive values. C. developing healthy relationships. You have had an argument with a close friend who won’t speak to you. You decide to approach the friend and find a way to make amends, because you value her friendship. This is an example of: *A. developing healthy relationships. B. unhealthy risk-taking. C. personality theory. Developing Self-Esteem Insert image 2.5.9 – use image similar to <Insert image 2.5.9> http://downloads.clipart.com/30376344.jpg?t=1229370528&h=ae7f6a35e832fd949eb2dcc3860 88cb9&u=kcdl An important part of developing your personal identity is developing self-esteem. Self-esteem is the belief that you are a valuable and unique human being who has something positive to offer the world. In order to develop self-esteem, you will need to develop the ability to see daily events realistically. It takes awareness and practice, but once you develop skills that create a more positive outlook, it gets easier and easier to feel increasingly good about yourself. Click on the strategies below to find out more ways to develop your self-esteem. Insert image 2.5.9 alt tag – Woman lying in the snow making a snow angel Insert image 2.5.9 title – Woman in the snow <Insert click-to-learn 2.5.9> with terms in boldface fully visible and their explanations (not in boldface) hidden until they click a button to reveal it: <Insert click-to-learn 2.5.9> 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 10 Mental Disorders <Insert image 2.5.10> Developing self-esteem is important for everyone, and perhaps more so for someone who suffers from a mental disorder. A mental disorder is an illness of the brain or the mind that Be realistic. Realize that your problem isn’t who you are, it’s some behavior you have learned to protect your physical and emotional well being. Take responsibility. You will build self-esteem by accepting responsibility for your own behaviors and choices and making changes about those behaviors that are in line with your values. Think and talk positively, especially to yourself. Try to become aware of daily self-criticizing. Try to turn those critical statements into constructive, “can-do” statements. Also, the more positively you think of and speak to others, the better you will treat yourself. Pay attention to media’s hidden messages. The media has one goal: to sell things. They want to make you feel bad about yourself so you will buy what they are selling. Don’t fall for it. Ignore other critics. When you hear a critical remark, ask yourself, "What does this person really know about me?” It’s unlikely that the criticism is based on an accurate perception of you. If you know it has nothing to do with you, don’t give it attention; it’s not worth your valuable time. Insert image 2.5.10 – use image similar to http://downloads.clipart.com/19137555.jpg?t=1229378532&h=e1c1b7de5085fffe36763c13933b 2566&u=kcdl Insert image 2.5.10 alt tag – Man standing under a giant padlock PAGE CONTENT affects a person’s feelings, thoughts and behaviors. The disorder limits him or her from leading a fully active and productive life. An important thing to remember is that a mental disorder does not mean a person is “diseased” or “faulty.” Many people suffering from mental disorders participate meaningfully in their daily lives with the help of therapeutic and medicinal interventions. Two examples of mental disorders that affect teens are ADHD and eating disorders: TECHNICAL ELEMENTS (Tutorials, avatars, images/graphics, audio, etc.) Insert image 2.5.10 title – Man and giant lock ADHD ADHD stands for “attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.” This disorder is common among many teenagers, with symptoms that include constant fidgeting or the inability to remain focused on one task for a period of time. One possible cause of ADHD is an imbalance in brain chemistry. This imbalance causes the brain to “over-react” to situations it is interpreting, causing reactions in the body that makes attention difficult. ADHD can affect teens’ ability to study or earn good grades and develop healthy relationships. It can also lead to injuries (usually from lack of concentration during sports), and poor self-esteem. Some possible signs of ADHD can include: Inability to give close attention to details Trouble keeping attention on tasks or play activities Difficulty listening to directions Losing things needed for the task at hand Fidgeting or squirming often Having trouble waiting one's turn. Treatment of ADHD can include making changes in the person’s environment and expectations and prescribing medication. Today there are numerous prescription medications for ADHD and Ritalin is one of the more common ones prescribed. These medications can have side-effects, such as drowsiness and basic lethargy. A doctor can determine if a patient’s body is reacting appropriately to the prescribed medication. In conjunction with medication, behavior therapy is recommended. 11 Eating Disorders Suppose your best friend has confided in you that she does not like her body and is doing something to fix it. You have noticed that she is losing weight rapidly, and is now looking way too thin. In this scenario, the friend has an eating disorder called anorexia. An eating disorder is a compulsion to eat or to avoid eating that negatively impacts a person's mental, emotional and physical health. The three most common types are: <Insert click-to-learn 2.5.11> Causes Eating disorders are complex disorders that involve behavioral, emotional, psychological, and social factors. Some causes can include: <Insert click-to-learn 2.5.11> with terms in boldface fully visible and their explanations (not in boldface) hidden until they click a button to reveal it: Anorexia Nervosa: a life-threatening process of self-starvation and weight loss. Bulimia Nervosa: a life-threatening cycle of bingeing and self-induced purging (vomitor take laxatives) designed to compensate for the effects of overeating Binge Eating Disorder (BED): a habit of overeating without compensating for the binging (by vomiting, etc). PAGE CONTENT TECHNICAL ELEMENTS (Tutorials, avatars, images/graphics, audio, etc.) Low self-esteem Depression Family/relationship problems History of abuse Cultural/media pressures to fit in Effects Some negative health effects of eating disorders can include: Decreased bone density Decreased heart function Decreased body and muscle mass Severe fatigue Hair loss Tooth decay Ulcers Starvation Death Treatment Treatment for eating disorders includes: Professional therapy or counseling for the symptoms of the eating disorder and the underlying causes of the disorder Hospital care for the physical symptoms and effects For more information on eating disorders and strategies to avoid or prevent eating disorders, visit: http://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/ 12 Mental Disorders Crossword After reviewing the previous sections on mental disorders, complete the following crossword. <insert crossword 2.5.12> Create a crossword with the following terms. ADHD <insert crossword 2.5.12> Anorexia Binge Eating Bulimia Ulcers 13 Understanding and Developing Identity Quiz 30 points Congratulations on completing this section! In this section you learned about: Depression, suicide, death and grieving and how they can affect you and your family. The causes and effects of depression. Strategies for coping with depression. Issues related to death and grieving. Strategies to prevent suicides. Symptoms can include constant fidgeting or the inability to remain focused on one task for a period of time. A life-threatening process of self-starvation and weight loss. A habit of overeating without compensating for the binging. A life-threatening cycle of bingeing and self-induced purging. A stomach ailment that is an effect of eating disorders. PAGE CONTENT Decision-making skills that promote mental and emotional health. Now it’s time to take the section quiz. Please check your understanding of the topics above before proceeding to take the quiz. After you have completed the quiz, continue with the unit. 14 Mental and Emotional Health Unit Exam 100 points Congratulations on completing this unit! In this unit you learned about: Mental and emotional health and how it affects you and your family Researching information about a mental or emotional health concern and evaluatingit based on your values and beliefs The causes and effects of stress and strategies for managing stress and coping with depression Communication skills that demonstrate empathy and respect for self, family and others The causes, symptoms and treatment of disorders such as ADHD and eating disorders Issues related to death and grieving and strategies to prevent suicides Decision-making skills that promote mental and emotional health Now it’s time to take the unit exam. Please check your understanding of the topics above before proceeding to take the exam. After you have completed the exam, continue with the course. TECHNICAL ELEMENTS (Tutorials, avatars, images/graphics, audio, etc.)