Download Functions Protection for organs of the inferior abdominopelvic

Functions
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Protection for organs of the inferior abdominopelvic cavity
Attachment for powerful lower limb muscles
Support and weight-transfer from axial to lower skeleton while standing and
walking
Pelvic Girdle
o Complete ring formed by 3 bones
 R and L hip bones (right and left coxal bones, os coxae, pelvic bones, or
innominate bones)
 Arise from the fusion of 3 bones by age 25
o Ilum: fan shaped, largest portion
 Ala, iliac crest, body, iliac tubercle
 ASIS, AIIS, PSIS, PIIS
 Superior spines palpable
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Trantubercular plan: imaginary line passing through
iliac tubercle and L5
o Ischium: posteriorinferior part of the hip bone
 Ishiopubic ramus
 ischial tuberosity
 Butt bone, hamstring attachment
 Ishial spine
 Greater and lesser sciatic notches (become
foreman with ligaments)
o Pubis: forms anteromedial part of hip
 Body, superior and inferior rami
 Pubic crest and pubic tubercles
 Attachment of abd muscles and inguinal
ligaments (Abercrombie line) respectively
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acetabulum: cup shaped depression that articulates with head of
femur
o means vinager cup in latin
o acetabular notch, lunate surface, acetabular fossa
Sacrum
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Lower limb
o Femur: thigh
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Greater trochanter allows hip abductors and rotators to be placed
away from leg extensors
Angle of inclination: allows for increased mobility by keeping
neck away from acetabulum and also allows for tibias to be placed
directly underneath the body to assist with weight distribution
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Torsion angle
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Angle dictates direction of foot when walking
o Abnormal: pigeon toe (in), duck foot (out)
o Patella: sesamoid bone embedded in quads tendon
 Increases leverage in extending knee by lengthening lever arm
o Leg: Fibula and tibia
 Tibia: medially placed is dominant
 Application of force (like radius)
 Fibula: posterolateral
 No weightbearing function
 Does not articulate with femur
o Foot
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Anatomical classification:
 Tarsus
o Calcaneus: heel
o Talus: articulates with leg
o Cuboid (lateral) navicular (medial)
o Lateral, intermediate, and medial cuneiform
 Metatarsus
o Great toe (halex) metatarsus considered 1
 Phalanges
o Each digit has 3 except great toe
 DIP, MIP, PIP