Download Sciences: Unit 2: KEY Chemistry Review

RSPT 1325 Sciences Unit 2: review 4/29/2017 9:01:08 AM pg. 1
Sciences: Unit 2: KEY Chemistry Review
Name:
Date:
/2007
1.
2.
3.
The Atom is:
a. the smallest subdivision of a
substance that still holds the
properties of that substance
b. consists of proton, neutrons in
the nucleus and orbiting
electrons in shells
c. consists of electrons, neutrons
in the nucleus and orbiting
protons in shells
d. both a and b
e. both a and c
Physical properties of an element are:
a. measurable properties
that we can sense or
measure: smell, taste,
color, as well as boiling
and freezing points
b. describe the element’ ability to
interact with other atoms, or
elements
Chemical properties of an element
a. measurable properties that we
can sense or measure: smell,
taste, color, as well as boiling
and freezing points
b. describe the element’
ability to interact with
other atoms, or elements
4.
The proton:
a. has a + charge
b. No charge
c. Has a – charge
5.
The neutron:
a. has a + charge
b. No charge
c. Has a – charge
6.
The electron:
a. has a + charge
b. No charge
c. Has a – charge
7.
True/False The number of electrons is
always equal to the number of neutrons
in the atom.
8.
If you have 24 protons in an atom, you
would have –electrons in the shells.
a. 12
b. 24
c. 48
d. None of these
9.
There are – natural elements; the other
14 were created by particle accelerators.
a. 101
b. 106
c. 92
d. 52
10. the atomic number is:
a. equal to the number of
electrons in the shells
b. equal to the number of proton
in the nucleus
c. equal to the number of
neutrons in the nucleus
d. both a and b
e. both b and c
11. The atomic mass is equal to:
a. the number of electrons in the
shells
b. the number of proton in the
nucleus
c.
number of neutrons in the
nucleus
d. both a and b
e. both b and c
12. If Ca has an atomic weight of 20, then it
will have how many proton and how
many electrons.
a. 10 and 20
b. 10 and 10
c. 20 and 20
d. 20 and 40
13. While mass doesn’t change, what
changes the weight of an element?
a. Light
b. Time
c. Gravity
d. None of these weights of
elements don’t change
14. Avogadro’s number:
a. Is 6.02 x 10 23
b. Is 6.02 x 10 -23
c.
is the number of particles
contained in each gram atomic
weight
d. Both a and c
e. Both b and c
15. True/False One mole of any substance
contains exactly 6.02 x 10 23 particles of
that substance.
RSPT 1325 Sciences Unit 2: review 4/29/2017 9:01:08 AM pg. 2
16. Isotopes:
a. they have same protons but the
number of neutrons varies.
b. Have the same atomic number
which is based on the proton
c. May have different atomic
masses because the number of
neutrons vary
d. a and b only
e. a, b and c
17. The degradation of heavy isotopes is
called:
a. Oxidation
b. Reduction
c. Radioactivity
d. Half life
18. If a substance has a half-life of 15 years,
this means that:
a. The element will have degraded
completely in that time
b. The element will have
degraded by 50% in that
time
19. The first shell of an atom holds how
many electrons at most?
a. 2
b. 8
c. 16
d. 32
20. the second shell of an atom holds how
many electrons at most?
a. 2
b. 8
c. 18
d. 32
21. The third shell of an atom holds how
many electrons at most?
a. 2
b. 8
c. 18
d. 32
22. the 4th shell of an atom holds how many
electrons at most?
a. 2
b. 8
c. 18
d. 32
23. the 5th shell of an atom holds how many
electrons at most?
a. 2
b. 8
c. 18
d. 32
24. the 6th shell of an atom holds how many
electrons at most?
a. 2
b. 8
c. 18
d. 32
25. If you have an element with the atomic
number of 10, how many electrons are in
the outer shell?
a. 6
b. 8
c. 2
d. None of these
26. If you have an element with the atomic
number of 22, how many electrons are
in the outer shell?
a. 6
b. 8
c. 2
d. 4
27. Which of these two elements would be
more likely to be reactive with other
elements, the one with atomic number
of 12 or the one with the atomic number
of 14?
a. 12
b. 14
c. Both are reactive
d. Both are stable
28. An atom with a valence of -3 is an atom
that will
a. accepts 3 more electron.
b. Lose 3electron
29. An atom with a valence of +4 is one that
will
a. Accept 4 electrons
b. lose 4 electrons.
30. An element that contains 8 electrons in
its outer shell will be:
a. Very reactive
b. None reactive
c. A noble gas
d. A and c
e. B and c
31. carbon makes up about:
a. 90% of the body
b. 60% of the body
c. 18% of the body
d. 9% of the body
e. 3% of the body
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32. oxygen makes up about:
a. 90% of the body
b. 60% of the body
c. 18% of the body
d. 9% of the body
e. 3% of the body
33. hydrogen makes up about:
a. 90% of the body
b. 60% of the body
c. 18% of the body
d. 9% of the body
e. 3% of the body
34. nitrogen makes up:
a. 90% of the body
b. 60% of the body
c. 18% of the body
d. 9% of the body
e. 3% of the body
35. two 0xygen atoms combined together
form a:
a. compound
b. molecule
36. two hydrogen and one oxygen atom
combined together form a:
a. compound
b. molecule
37. Organic molecules will always:
a. Contain oxygen atoms
b. Contain carbon atoms
c. Be found in living creatures
d. Contain hydrogen atoms
e. All but a
38. NaCl is an example of:
a. A covalent bond
b. A compound
c. Ionic bond
d. Both a and b
e. Both b and c
39. Solutions are:
a. homogenous mixtures of 2 or
more compounds.
b. These can be gases, liquids or
solids.
c. Both a and b
40. Solutions are:
a. solutes that dissolve into
solvents.
b. are usual clear because the
compounds are in atomic and
molecular form.
c. They do not settle out, nor
bend light.
d. A, b and c
e. A and b only
41. Collides:
a. Are mixtures of slightly larger
compounds in solvents.
b. can appear milky or cloudy.
c. can revert between solid [gel]
and liquid [sol] state.
d. Both a and b
e. A, b and c
42. Suspensions are:
a. heterogeneous mixtures of 2 or
more compounds which are
large sometimes visible solutes.
b. opaque and can settle out.
c. Both a and b
d. None of these
43. In ionic bonds:
a. The chemical bond results from
an exchange of charges
b. Results in both cations and
anions
c. Because opposites charges
attract the bond holds
d. A, b and c
e. A and b only
44. Na+:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
45. Cl-
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Is a ion
Is a cation
Is a anion
Both a and b
Both a and c
Is a ion
Is a cation
Is a anion
Both a and b
Both a and c
46. Covalent bonds:
a. Are created by 2 or more
atoms sharing electrons in
their outer shell
b. Are always polar
c. Are always nonpolar
d. Both a and b
e. Both a and c
47. Hydrogen bonds
a. Are very weak
b. Are impossible to break
c. Are due to attraction of
negative and positive charges
d. Both a and c
e. Both b and c
48. Sythesis reactions:
a. atoms combine
RSPT 1325 Sciences Unit 2: review 4/29/2017 9:01:08 AM pg. 4
b.
c.
form the constructive bonding
or anabolic actions of the body.
Both
57. True/False An example of hydrolysis is
the creation of H+ out of CO2 + H2O
49. True/False Anabolic chemical
reactions tend to use up energy.
50. True/False Breaking bonds tends to
release energy
51. Decomposition reactions:
a. pulls apart into separate
elements
b. in the body are called Catabolic
reactions
c. are used break down protein
into amino acids,
carbohydrates into simple
sugars.
d. A, b and c
e. A and b only
52. Exchange reactions:
a. These are combinations of
sythesis and decomposition
reactions.
b. In an exchange reaction bonds
are broken and ‘partners’ are
changed with new bonds
created.
c. Both a & b
53. Reactions in which molecules are pulled
apart and energy released are:
a. catabolic reaction
b. sythesis reactions
c. decomposition reactions
d. both a and b
e. both a and c
54. Reactions in which molecules are
assembled and energy is used up:
a. catabolic reaction
b. sythesis reactions
c. decomposition reactions
d. both a and b
e. both a and c
55.
4H
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
+ C
CH4 is a:
Decomposition reaction
Sythesis reaction
Will use up energy
Both a and c
Both b and c
56. True/False Water reacts with some
substances by breaking them down. This
is called hydrolysis.
58. The role of water in the body’s
chemistry:
a. the universal solvent
b. will disassociate some
molecules because of its
polarity.
c. will cool off reactions
d. All of these
59.
AB
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
A + B is a:
Decomposition reaction
Sythesis reaction
Will use up energy
Both a and c
Both b and c
60.
AB + C
AC + B
a. Decomposition reaction
b. Sythesis reaction
c. Exchange reactions
61. Oxidation reduction reaction:
a. both sythesis and
decomposition
b. it loses an electron
c. it gains an electron
d. Both a and b
e. A, b, and c
62. C6H1206 + 6O2
6C02 + 6H2O + ATP
a. is cellular respiration
b. Is an oxidation reduction
reaction
c. sugar in turned into energy
d. a, b and c
e. a and b only
63. True/False Factors that will effect
chemical reactions in the body usually
result from atoms smashing into one
other
64. Factors that will effect chemical
reactions in the body:
a. Temperature
b. Time
c. Concentration
d. Catalysts
e. A, c and d
f. A, b c and d
65. True/False Substances that quickens
or starts a reaction without changing
itself is a catalyst.
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66. True/False In the renal cell, the
hydrolysis of C02 can be speeded up by
the catalyst, carbonic anhydrase.
67. True/False Because the catalyst
doesn’t change, a few molecules of a
given catalyst can be available for
thousands of reactions in rapid
succession.
68. CO2 + H2O
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
H2C03
HCO3- + H+
Is the hydrolysis of carbon
dioxide
Is an unstable reaction
Is the catabolism of carbon
dioxide
A and b
B and c
69. Because H2CO3 is so unstable it can
turn into:
a. CO2 + H2O
b. HCO3- + H+
c. Both
70. True/False As more and more HCO3and H+ accumulate, the action moves
back toward the creation of more C02
and H2O
71. True/False As H+ build up in the
body, some acids can be removed in the
form of exhaled C02.
72. True/False H+ determine the pH of
the body.
73. True/False C02 is one substance that
determines how much free H+ is in the
body.
74. Correction: Carbonic anhydrase:
a. Catalysis
b. Speeds up the conversation of
glucose into energy
c. Speeds up the hydrolysis of
C02.
d. a and b
e. a and c
75. True/False: pH is a measurement of
acidity of a substance.
76. True/False: The pH of the body is
determined by the number of free H+
present in the body.
77. True/False: More H+ in the body, the
more acidic it is.
78.
When we add CO2 to the H2O in the
blood, we will:
a. Increase the free H+
b. Decrease the free H+
c. Change the pH by making it
more acidic
d. Both a and c
e. Both b and c
79. The relationship between 1 pH unit
change:
a. 10fold change in H+
concentration.
b. It is logarithmic relationship
c. Forms the bases for the Log in
the Henderson-Hasselbalch
equation
d. All of these
80. Because blood is mostly water, the
normal pH of arterial blood is:
a.
7.35 to 7.45.
b. 7.34 to 7.37.
c. about 5
d. 7.0
81. Because it has more C02 in it, venous
blood has a pH of:
a. 7.35 to 7.45.
b. 7.34 to 7.37.
c. about 5
d. 7.0
82. Because its job is to get rid of acids, the pH
of urine is:
a. 7.35 to 7.45.
b. 7.34 to 7.37.
c. about 5
d. 7.0
83. True/False C02 can be released at the
lungs during exhalation, we can get rid
of excessive H+ by breathing slower
84. Correction: A buffer is:
a. A substance that captures a H+
b. A substance that releases a H+
c. Will change the pH
d. Both a and c
e. Both b and c
85. HC03- is a buffer:
a. Captures H+ to become
carbonic acid
b. Captures H+ to become C02
and H20
c. Releases H+ so that the H+
becomes 2H
d. Both a and b
86. As C02 rises, the pH will:
a. Drop
b. rise
c. Become more acidic
RSPT 1325 Sciences Unit 2: review 4/29/2017 9:01:08 AM pg. 6
d.
e.
f.
Become more basic
A and c
B and d
87. As HC03- rises, the pH will:
a. Drop
b. rise
c. Become more acidic
d. Become more basic
e. A and c
f. B and d
88. Correction: If both the HC03- and the
C02 rise, the pH might:
a. Become more acidic
b. Become more basic
c. Stay in the normal limits
because both have
canceled each other out.
89. The boiling point of a substance will
turn it from:
a. Solid to gas
b. Liquid to solid
c. Liquid to gas
90. The freezing point of a substance will
turn it from:
a. Solid to gas
b. Liquid to solid
c. Liquid to gas
91. Sublimation of a substance will turn it:
a. Solid to gas
b. Liquid to solid
c. Liquid to gas
92. Convert
a.
b.
c.
d.
500C to F:
68
98.2
100
104
93. Convert 500 F to C:
a. 68
b. 9.99
c. 98.2
d. 100
e. 104
94. In Celsius temperature scale which is
also called centigrade, the melting point
of water and the freezing point of water
are:
a. 32o and -149.50
b. 0 o and 100 o
c. 10 o and 100 o
d. 100 o and 1000 o
95. Absolute zero is:
a. Found in the Kelvin scale
b. Found in the Celsius
c. Is the absolute immobility of all
molecules
d. a and c
e. b and c