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Hierarchical Organization
of Multicellular Organisms
CELLS, TISSUES. ORGANS, ORGAN SYSTEMS AND ORGANISMS
Hierarchy
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The hierarchy organization of multicellular organisms are thought of as building
blocks.

Cells are the basic unit. Cells are compiled to create tissue in the body or plant.

Tissue is connected and creates an organ (ex. Heart, pedal, lungs, etc.)
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Organs - Throughout your body, tissues are grouped together so they can work
together.

Organ systems - Organ systems work together so life processes like breathing and
digestion can be carried out, keeping many-celled organisms, like you, healthy and
alive.

Organisms = humans, elephants, daffodils, bluebird, etc…
Cells

All organisms are made of cells
 -A cell is the smallest unit of living matter; the basic unit
of life
- Some kinds of organisms, like bacteria, are
made of only one cell.
 - Other types of organisms, like people and trees,
are made up of trillions of specialized cells.
Some Types of Cells…
Plants have:
Animals have:

Bone cells

Nerve cells

Muscle cells
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Blood cells

Leaf Cells
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Root Cells
Tissue

In your body, a single skin cell or blood cell does not work alone.

Cells work together in groups called tissue.

A tissue is a group of similar cells that work together carrying out a
certain job.


For example, skin cells work together as skin tissue that covers and protects
your body. Other kinds of tissue in an animal’s body include muscle, bone,
nerve and blood.
Plant cells are also organized into tissues.

For example, leaves of plants are made of tissues that help the plant make
food.
Organ

An organ is a group of tissue that work together to do certain jobs.

Roots, stems, and leaves are organs of a plant.

A leaf is an organ that makes food for the plant.

The roots of a plant are the main organ in the root system of a plant.

The heart, lungs, and brain are examples of animal organs.

Your heart is an organ:

It contains muscle tissue, nerve tissue, and blood tissue.

Its job is to pump blood throughout your body.
Organ Systems

When a group of parts (organs) work together, they form a system.

A group of organs working together to carry out a specific life function is
called an organ system.

A plant’s roots, stem, and leaves are an organ system.

Your digestive system is an organ system:

It contains your mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines,
and liver.

Digestion breaks down food and absorbs nutrients that you need to
live.
Organism(s)
Review

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A cell is the smallest unit of living matter; the building blocks
of living things.
Tissues are groups of cells working together to perform a
certain job.
Organs are groups of tissue that perform a certain function.
Organs working together to carry out a certain life function
are an organ system.
An Organism is any organized body or system conceived of
as analogous to a living being, i.e. human, bird, plant, reptile,
etc.