Download Chapter 17-3 Questions ppt

Chapter 17-3 Questions
What you will learn….
1. The US uses nuclear weapons to
defeat Japan in WWII.
Why is this important?
1. The US is the first and only country to
use nuclear weapons in warfare.
2. This begins the nuclear age and a
dangerous conflict btwn the US and
the USSR.
Videos
1. Kamikaze attack:
2.
HTTPS://www.dropbox.com/sh/4zkp7hvrgbcd7gd/D-qPNsG9ym#lh:nullLaffey%20Enhanced%20vo%203.wmv
Focus Q—on test
Use at least 5 numbers to describe the
Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on
Dec. 7, 1941.
FQ: March 22
• Most people agree that we should do
things to maintain our physical health.
Let’s do something for our mental
health. Sooo………..
• List 5 of your positive, non-physical
traits or characteristics. These are your
inner qualities.
Focus Q: March 8
• Should we have used Atomic weapons
to end the war w/Japan?
Yes
No
----------------------------/---------------------------Why or why not?
Focus Q: March 20
Read page 587, “The Nuremberg War
Trials.”
• 3 bullet point notes
• What principle was established by the
Nuremberg War Trials? 587
• #12, 26 on review sheet
Focus Q
• Page 585 “Point/Counterpoint”
1. Make a t-chart for reasons to
Drop the atomic bomb
Not drop the atomic bomb
Use bullets, sentence fragments
Focus Q
List the 2 best reasons that support
dropping the Atomic Bombs on Japan
and not dropping Atomic Bombs on
Japan.
Which argument is strongest?
1. Describe the size of the Japanese
Empire at the beginning of the war.
• in the 6 mos. after Pearl Harbor,
Japanese expand empire
• Hong Kong, Fr. Indochina, Malaya,
Burma, Thailand, ½ of China, Formosa,
Wake, Guam, Solomon Islands, 2 islands
in the Aleutians (Alaska)
• Dwarfs Hitler’s empire
What animal is Japan portrayed as?
2. Who was Douglas
MacArthur?
• General in charge of Allied troops
• March 1942 Forced out of the
Philippines “I shall return”
General Douglas MacArthur
Like my pipe?
3. What impact did Doolittle’s raid
have on the US and Japan?
1. surprise Japan in raid over Tokyo
April 18, 1942
2. 16 B-25’s—hit Toyko and 4 other
cities—factories, steel mills, oil
tanks
A B-25 Bomber gets airborne
Doolittle’s Raid
VERY SMALL MILITARY IMPACT
1. Lifts US spirits—showed we could hit
them
2. Shows the Japanese they aren’t
invincible
4. What are 2 very significant things
you read about the Battle of the Coral
Sea? May 1942
• US and Australia fighting Japan in the
Pacific near Australia, map p. 580
• Allies lose more ships, but declare
victory
• Japanese too low on fuel to continue to
Australia
Battle of the Coral Sea
Battle of the Coral Sea
1. all fighting done by carrier based
planes, ships never exchanged fire
2. TURNING POINT—ends southern
expansion
• Japan must retreat for the 1st time
since Pearl Harbor
Coral
5. What was the significance of winning
the Battle of Midway? June 1942
Take notes
1. TURNING POINT—stops Japan’s
westward expansion—June 1942
• Intercept message—110 Japanese ships
heading to Midway, then to Hawaii
• We’re outnumbered 4 to 1 in planes and
ships—surprise them
Battle of Midway
• **they lose 4 carriers and 250 planes—
turning point in war in the Pacific**
• Navajo code talkers—language wasn’t
written down, never was decoded, US
communications never decoded, p. 579
Midway
6. Describe jungle conditions on
Guadalcanal.
• Until August 1942, the US was defending itself from
Japan
• Now we start attacking Japan—begins at
Guadalcanal—the Island of Death
– APV p. 581
– 1st land and air offensive—August 1942—6
months
– Japans 1st land defeat
Guadalcanal
•
•
•
•
•
Spiders as big as your fist
Giant Lizards as long as your leg
Leeches, white ants w/bites of fire
Scorpions, rats, bats, crocodiles
Humidity: rot a body in hours
Guadalcanal
Mud, jungle, few roads
War is brutal.
Beheaded
Japanese
soldier.
Who’d you prefer to fight,
the Japanese or the
Germans?
Why?
Island Hopping—take notes
Island Hopping—how the US gets across the
Pacific to Japan
• Pick weaker islands, build airfields, cut supply
lines to strong islands
• Slowly island hop across Pacific Ocean
Island hopping….
Get it?
7. Define kamikaze. Take notes
• **kamikazis, new tactic—“divine wind”—
suicide mission—fly planes into ships**
• Die w/honor
• 1st used October 1944
• About 5000 Kamikaze pilots
In the Philippines,
424 kamikaze pilots sink 16 ships, damage 80
About to hit the USS Missouri
USS Bunker Hill
May 11, 1945
2 Kamikaze
372 dead
8. How did some of our soldiers
feel about the kamikaze pilots?
• Admired their devotion to their
country—heroes?
• When captured; were ordinary,
scared young men
9. What happened to the Japanese
fleet in the Battle of Leyte Gulf?
Give details.
• Leyte Gulf (near Phil)—October 1944-178 K Allied troops, 738 ships
• 3 days Japanese lose 3 battleships, 4
carriers, 13 cruisers, 400+ planes
• AFTER THIS THEIR NAVY PLAYS SMALL
ROLE IN WAR
10. How many Americans and
Japanese died on Iwa Jima?
1. US could bomb Japan from there
2. some said it was the most heavily defended
spot on earth
–20,700 Japanese troops in tunnels and
caves, 200 survive!!!
–20,500 JAPANESE DIE—6000 MARINES DIE
11. Judging from the number to
Japanese who die on this island,
describe the Japanese soldiers
attitude.
• Brave, loyal, patriotic, heroic,
admirable, warriors, courageous,
fearless, valiant
• Is it being disloyal, describing them
this way?
12. See the photos on p. 582 and read
the captions. What is happening in
the bottom photo? Why do you think
this photo was encouraging to
Americans?
• Marines raising a 2nd flag on Mt.
Suribachi, Iwo Jima
• Symbolized an American victory after
a difficult struggle
Marines on Mt. Suribachi Feb. 1945
14. How many Americans and
Japanese were killed in the Battle of
Okinawa?
• Okinawa—last island before Japan—1900
Kamikazis, sink 30 ships, damage 300, kill
5000
• 7600 US die, 110 K Japanese
• includes 2 Japanese Generals who
commit suicide—ashamed they failed the
Emperor—Harikari or seppuku
15. What was the estimated number
of casualties (Churchill) if we invaded
the main islands of Japan?
• Perhaps 1M Americans and 500 K British
What’s the alternative to
invading Japan?
Manhattan Project:
best kept secret of the war? Take notes
• Plan to develop the Atomic bomb
• 600,000 involved
• few knew its purpose
Manhattan Project
1.
2.
3.
4.
work begins in 1942—Enrico Fermi at U. of Chicago
2 reactors built at Oak Ridge, TN and 1 at Hanford, WA
used to produce uranium 235 and plutonium
Robert J. Oppenheimer leads BR, US, European scientists to build
the bomb
Atomic Bomb
• 1st successfully detonated July 16, 1945 at
Alamogordo, NM
• visible 180 miles away
• US has only 2 other atomic bombs
• HT warns the Japanese to surrender on
July 26
• Japan refuses to surrender
Almogordo, NM
July 16, 1945
Why drop Atomic bombs on Japan?
1. August 6—B-29 bomber Enola Gay—Little
Boy—Hiroshima leveled—don’t surrender
2. August 9—Fat Man—Nagasaki
3. By end of 1945, 200K died from blasts and
injuries
4. Emperor Hirohito surrenders—formal
ceremony Sept. 2 on USS Missouri
5. **HT DROPS THEM TO SAVE US LIVES**
Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Hiroshima and Nagasaki
• 70 K dead
• 69 K injured
• Destroys 67% of city
• 39 K dead
• 25 K injured
• Destroys 40% of city
By the end of 1945, 200 K
die from atomic blasts
Why did HT drop Atomic bombs on
Japan? Take notes.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Japan refused to surrender
It saved American soldiers lives
Ended the war
Threatened the USSR
Make this T-chart on back of data
Drop the bombs
Don’t drop the bombs
Should we have dropped Atomic bombs?
Yes
1. Saves American (and
Japanese) lives and
2. Ended the war
3. Japan won’t surrender:
would disgrace Emperor
4. Intimidate the Soviets—
scare USSR out of E.
Europe
5. Cost $2 B—would be a
waste of $ to not use it
6. Avenge Pearl Harbor
No
1. Immoral: Hiroshima,
Nagasaki civilian targets
2. Blockade, bombing will get
Japan to surrender
3. It will begin a nuclear arms
race
4. Negotiate—allow
conditional surrender
5. Japan was defeated and
ready to surrender
6. Demonstrate on an island
Almogordo, NM
July 16, 1945
Should we have dropped the Abombs on the Japanese?
Give 2 reasons.
Enola Gay Bombed Hiroshima
Enola Gay: B-29 Superfortress on
Tinian Island
People didn’t look like people
Hiroshima (N), Nagasaki (S)
Hiroshima
Hiroshima Then and Now
Fat Man (N) and Little Boy (H) models
Heat and radiation probably caused
these Keyloids.
Boy w/ radiation burns over his entire
body. He lived, is the father of 2 kids.
Dedicated his life to prohibit nuclear
weapons.
V-J Day: Aug. 14, 15, Sept. 2?
• Times Square, New York
18. Who were the Big 3 at the Yalta
Conference?
Churchill
FDR
Stalin
19. What 4 compromises were
reached at the Yalta Conference?
1. Temporarily divide Germany into 4 zones—US,
USSR, BR, FR
2. Stalin promises free elections in Poland and other
occupied Eastern European countries (MOST
IMPORTANT)
3. USSR will enter the war against Japan—gets 2 Japanese islands
4. Agree to participate in a conference in April 1945 in San Francisco
(to create United Nations, based on the principles of the Atlantic
Charter)
What principle was established by the
Nuremberg War Trials?
1. **1st time a nations leaders legally
responsible for actions during
wartime**
• couldn’t say: “I was just following
orders”
• Nuremberg = southern German town
Nuremburg Trials
• Trials (13)—12 of 22 high Nazi leaders get death
sentence, rest get life—200 others guilty
• Many participants of the Holocaust weren’t punished
1. Crimes against Peace
2. War Crimes—killing hostages and prisoners,
stealing private poverty, destroying towns
and cities
3. Crimes against Humanity—murder,
extermination, deportation, enslavement of
civilians
21. How was our treatment of Japan
after WWII different than our
treatment of Germany after WWI?
Why do you think Japan and Germany
(WWII) were treated differently?
1. NOT LIKE TREATY OF VERSAILLES—
DIDN’T PUNISH JAPAN
2. 7 year occupation of Japan
3. Reform/rebuild economy,
introduced free-market practices,
was remarkable econ. recovery
4. new constitution provides for
women’s suffrage and basic
freedoms—known as the
MacArthur constitution
President Harry Truman’s decision to use atomic
bombs against Japan was based on his belief that
A an invasion of Japan would result in excessive
casualties
B Germany would refuse to surrender in Europe
C An alliance was developing between Japan and
the Soviet Union
D Japan was in the process of developing its own
atomic weapons
Put the following in the correct
chronological order?
A Operation Torch (Allied invasion of
North Africa)
B V-E Day
C V-J Day
D D-Day
Which precedent (example) was established by the
Nuremberg war crimes trials?
A national leaders can be held responsible for
crimes against humanity
B only individuals who actually commit murder
during a war can be guilty of a crime
C defeated nations cannot be forced to pay
reparations
D defeated nations can be occupied by the
winners
Creative side
Term
Battle of Midway
Battle of Coral
Sea
Kamakazi
Iwo Jima
Okinawa
Significance/description
Picture
Atomic Bomb T-chart
1. Make a T-chart of reasons to drop the
bombs and not drop the bombs
 Below the T-chart indicate which decision
you think is correct AND
 1 reason (flaw) the other sides reasoning
is wrong
Creative side
• Pretend you are a soldier. Write a letter
home describing what it is like fighting in
the jungle.
• Use these senses in your letter: sight,
smell, hearing, touch
You Tube video
• HD Stock Footage WWII Iwo Jima Color – to
the shores of Iwo Jima (10 min.)
• Battle of Iwo Jima - Fierce Fighting Footage
[Full Resolution] (4:38) good