Download Chapter 6 and 7 Questions_2

Name: __________________________ Date: _________________ Score: ________________________
Body Systems and Your Health
Science 8 - Ch. 6 and 7 (pgs. 146 -162)
The Digestive System:
1. Using the diagram on page 146, label the parts of the digestive system.
2. Which structure connects the mouth to the stomach? ___________________________________
3. Which organ produces insulin? ____________________________
4. In which structure does most of the absorption of nutrients occur? ________________________________
5. Why is the digestive system important to humans? ____________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
6. What is the function of the saliva produced by the salivary glands? _______________________________
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7. What is the function of the stomach? _______________________________________________________
The Respiratory System:
1. Use the diagram on page 146 to help label the parts of the respiratory system. Not all labels are in the
diagram and one label is written twice. You do not need to label #7.
2. What is the main tube connecting the mouth to the lungs? ______________________________________
3. What muscle plays an essential role in the act of breathing? ____________________________________
4. In which structure does the exchange of gases (O2 and CO2) take place? _________________________
5. What is the main, central organ of the respiratory system? _____________________________________
6. Why is the respiratory system important to humans? __________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
7. Why do you think that there are so many alveoli? _____________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
8. Why is smoking so harmful to your respiratory system? ________________________________________
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The Circulatory System:
1. Use the diagram on page 147 to help label the parts of the heart.
2. Which structures connect the arteries and veins? _____________________________________________
3. Which vessels transport blood away from the heart and have thick muscular walls? __________________
4. Which vessels transport blood toward the heart and have valves? ________________________________
5. How many chambers/compartments does a human heart have? _______________. List them below....
i.
iii.
ii.
iv.
6. Which part of the heart receives blood from the lungs? _______________________
7. Why is the circulatory system important to humans? ___________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
8. Why are capillaries small and thin? ________________________________________________________
Excretory and Nervous Systems:
Use pages 151 to 153 to answer the following questions.
1. What is the main function of the excretory system? ____________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2. Which organs are the most important in the excretory system? __________________________________
3. What other body system is most closely connected with the excretory system? (hint - it is not in the text
book) _________________________________________
4. What is the function of the nervous system? _________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
5. What are the 3 major components of the nervous system? ______________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
6. What are hormones? ___________________________________________________________________
7. When we feel cold, our nervous system sends messages to the muscles in the body to spasm or quiver.
What is the purpose of this? _____________________________________________________________
8. What are two ways the human body tries to cool us down it we are getting too hot? __________________
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9. To help keep our body temperature stable which three systems must work together? _________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
10. List 5 factors that may affect the smooth operation of our body systems.
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11. What is the purpose of the hormone "insulin"? _______________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
12. Some people have trouble producing insulin in their bodies. This disease is called ___________________
Systems Working Together:
Use pages 148 and 149 to help answer the following questions.
1. What important role does diffusion play in the connection with the respiratory and circulatory systems?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2. Which substances are exchanged between the blood in the capillaries and the air in the alveoli?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
3. What are the 2 functions of the blood stream? _______________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
4. Where does the transfer of food from the digestive system to your circulatory system take place?
____________________________________________________________________________________
5. The process that allows food particles to pass from the intestine to the circulatory system is called
_________________________________
6. What are villi? _________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
7. In what way are the villi in you intestines and the alveoli in your lungs similar? List 3.
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
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8. Explain why there are so many villi and alveoli? ______________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Bonus Question: (not in text)
What is the largest organ in the human body? __________________________________________
Body Systems an Your Health:
Use pages 154 to 162 to answer the following questions.
1. Blood is the body's transportation system. The blood is composed of different types of cells which have a
very specialized function. The type of blood cells that comprise less than 1% of the blood's volume and
defends the body against infection and disease are the ...
a)
b)
c)
d)
red blood cells
white blood cells
plasma cells
platelets
2. Disorders of the circulatory system are the leading cause of death in North America. One of the most
common is hypertension, which is ...
a)
b)
c)
d)
damage to the heart tissue
heart attacks or strokes
high blood pressure
waste remaining in the blood
3. The digestive system can also malfunction, causing severe repercussions for an individual and even death.
These disorders are caused by poor lifestyle habits or disease. One such disorder may lead to colon
cancer. It is caused by ...
a)
b)
c)
d)
over exertion
low fiber diet
high fiber diet
excessive use of aspirin
4. The respiratory system can also malfunction due to poor lifestyle choices. When the cilia (which remove
airborne particles when they beat continuously) are clogged by mucus they cannot perform their function
properly and over time, can become inflamed. This condition (which can be treated) is called ...
a)
b)
c)
d)
bronchitis
ciliaitis
emphysema
lung cancer
5. Your body needs to have the right conditions under which it can perform its functions properly. To maintain
healthy organs and systems, the essential needs are ...
a)
b)
c)
d)
clean air, water, nutritious food, exercise and sleep
dairy products, fruits and vegetables, meat and grains
oxygen, minerals, vitamins, relaxation and medicine
fats, sugars, carbohydrates, proteins and salt
6. Why do humans need a complex circulatory system while an amoeba ( a unicellular organism) does not?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
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7. What is a nutrient? _____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
8. Complete the following table.
Nutrient
Function in the Body
Food Source
carbohydrates
fats
proteins
9. One of the most fearful diseases in our society is cancer. There are very few people in society that have
not been affected by cancer in some way. While scientific research has started to make inroads against
some cancers, we are still a long way from finding a cure for the many types of cancers that exist. Despite
the numerous varieties of cancers that exist, that are all caused by the same root cause. How does
cancer, in any form, begin in the human body?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
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10. Two treatments for people with cancer include ________________________________ and
________________________________.