Download multiword verbs - Professor Flavia Cunha

MULTIWORD VERBS
PHRASAL VERBS
PHRASAL
VERBS ARE MADE UP OF A VERB
AND A FOLLOWING PARTICLE (WORD TO
REFER TO PREPOSITIONS OR ADVERBS IN
OTHER CONTEXTS)
DANIELA HANDED IN HER PAPER.
THEY
MAY OCCUR AS TRANSITIVE
PHRASAL VERBS
AND INTRANSITIVE
PHRASAL VERBS .
(1)
(2)
1. MAGGIE LOOKED UP THE ADDRESS.
2. MAGGIE SAT UP.
 Fall
into 3 categories – where the object NP
can occur in relation to the verb and particle.
TRANSITIVE PHRASAL VERBS

AS LONG AS THE DIRECT OBJECT OF A SEPARABLE TRANSITIVE
PHRASAL VERB IS NOT A PRONOUN, THE PARTICLE MOVEMENT
RULE IS OPTIONAL. IF, HOWEVER, THE DIRECT OBJECT IS A
PRONOUN (HIM, HER, IT, THEM, THIS/THAT, THESE/THOSE) THE
PARTICLE MOVEMENT RULE MUST BE APPLIED.
e.g. get back, pick up, take on, turn off
a. John looked up the phone number.
b. John looked it up.
1. SEPARABLE TRANSITIVE PHRASAL VERBS

IT IS TO PUT LONG, “HEAVY” ELEMENTS AT THE END OF CLAUSES
AND SENTENCES RATHER THAN IN THE MIDDLE.
e.g. John looked up some information about the music festival in
which his favorite band will perform.
Although it is grammatical, to use the particle movement rule in the
example above sounds clumsy Because the particle would be so
far away from the verb.
END WEIGHT PRINCIPAL

A SMALL GROUP OF TRANSITIVE PHRASAL VERBS DO NOT ALLOW
THE PARTICLE TO MOVE OVER THE OBJECT NP EVEN IF IT IS A
PRONOUN.
e.g. look into, come by, run into
a. Don’t pick on my brother.
b. Don’t pick on him.
2. INSEPARABLE TRANSITIVE PHRASAL VERBS

A VERY SMALL GROUP OF TRANSITIVE PHRASAL VERBS REQUIRE
THAT THE OBJECT NP OCCUR BETWEEN THE VERB AND THE
PARTICLE.
e.g. ask (someone) out, do (something) over, see (something)
through
a. The job is getting Janice down.
b. The job is getting her down.
3. PERMANENTLY SEPARATED TRANSITIVE
PHRASAL VERBS
 THEY
MAY OCCUR AS PURE INTRANSITIVE
PHRASAL VERBS OR ERGATIVE PHRASAL VERBS.
INTRANSITIVE PHRASAL VERBS
 THE
VERB PART OF AN INTRANSITIVE PHRASAL
VERB USUALLY CANNOT BE SEPARATE FROM
THE FOLLOWING PARTICLE BY AN ADVERB.
e.g. come over, get together
a. The plane took off quickly.
1. PURE INTRANSITIVE PHRASAL VERBS
 DESCRIBE
AN ACTION THAT IS EXPERIENCED BY
THE SUBJECT.
e.g. die down, crop up
a. Over the past two weeks, a number of
problems have cropped up.
2. ERGATIVE PHRASAL VERBS
 SOME
ERGATIVE
COUNTERPARTS.
VERBS
HAVE
TRANSITIVE
a. The ship blew up. (ergative)
b. The terrorists blew up the ship. (transitive
counterpart)
2. ERGATIVE PHRASAL VERBS