Download Interactions Among Living Things (pp. 410–416)

Name ____________________________ Date ____________________ Class ____________
Ecosystems
■
Reading/Notetaking Guide
Interactions Among Living Things (pp. 410–416)
This section explains how organisms become adapted to their environments. The
section also describes three major types of interactions among organisms.
Use Target Reading Skills
Copy the compare/contrast table below into your notebook. As you read about
competition, predation, and symbiosis on pages 412–416 of your textbook, complete
your compare/contrast table.
Interactions Among Living Things
Type of Interaction
Competition
Description of
Interaction
Effect of Interaction
In competition, organisms
struggle to survive as they
attempt to use the
environment’s limited
resources, such as food,
water, or shelter.
Competition limits the
populations of the
organisms involved
because the resources for
which they compete are
limiting factors.
Predation
Symbiosis
• Mutualism
• Commensalism
• Parasitisim
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Name ____________________________ Date ____________________ Class ____________
Ecosystems
■
Reading/Notetaking Guide
Adapting to the Environment (p. 411)
Match the term with its definition.
Term
____ 1. natural selection
____ 2. adaptation
____ 3. niche
4.
Definition
a. Characteristic that allows a species to
live successfully in its environment
b. The way a species makes its living
c. Process in which a species becomes
better suited to its environment
Is the following sentence true or false? Every organism has a variety of
adaptations that enable it to live in any kind of environment.
____________________
Competition (p. 412)
5.
The three major types of interactions among organisms are competition,
____________________, and symbiosis.
6.
Is the following sentence true or false? The struggle between organisms
to survive in a habitat with limited resources is called natural selection.
____________________
7.
Is the following sentence true or false? In a particular environment, two
species can usually occupy the same niche.
____________________
8.
Is the following sentence true or false? Specializing can reduce
competition.
____________________
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207
Name ____________________________ Date ____________________ Class ____________
Ecosystems
■
Reading/Notetaking Guide
Interactions Among Living Things
(continued)
Predation (pp. 413–414)
9. An interaction in which one organism kills and eats another is called
______________________________. The organism that does the killing is
the ______________________________. The organism that is killed is the
______________________________.
10. Is the following sentence true or false? If a prey population decreases,
the population of its predator probably will decrease as well.
______________________________
11. Predators have ______________________________ that help them catch
and kill their prey.
12. Camouflage, warning coloration, and false coloring are some adaptations
that may help organisms avoid becoming ______________________________.
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208
Name ____________________________ Date ____________________ Class ____________
Ecosystems
■
Reading/Notetaking Guide
Symbiosis (pp. 415–416)
13. Symbiosis is a close relationship between two ____________________
that benefits at least one of the ____________________.
14. Complete the compare/contrast table.
Types of Symbiotic Relationships
Type of Relationship
How Species Are Affected
Mutualism
a.
b.
One species benefits; the other species is unharmed.
c.
One species benefits; the other species is harmed.
15. In some cases of ____________________, two species have such a close
symbiotic relationship that neither one could live without the other.
16. In a parasitic relationship, the organism that benefits is called a(n)
______________________________, and the organism it lives on or in is
called a(n) ______________________________.
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209