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Name: ________________________ Class: ___________________ Date: __________
ID: A
Meteorology Unit Review
Completion
Complete each sentence or statement.
1. The gases ____________________ and ____________________ make up 99 percent of the volume of clean,
dry air.
2. Ozone is concentrated in the layer of the atmosphere called the ____________________.
3. Water vapor is the source of all clouds and ____________________.
4. For the atmosphere as a whole, ____________________ is the least important mechanism of heat transfer.
5. ____________________ occurs when light bounces off an object.
6. A(n) ____________________ is any factor that causes temperature to vary from place to place and from time
to time.
7. A city near an ocean would likely have ____________________ summers than a city at the same latitude
located farther inland.
8. Albedo is the fraction of the total ____________________ that is reflected by any surface.
9. The process of changing state requires that energy is transferred in the form of ____________________.
10. Warm air is capable of holding ____________________ water vapor than cold air.
11. Relative humidity is the ____________________ of air’s actual water-vapor content compared with the
amount of ____________________ air can hold at that temperature and pressure.
12. If the water-vapor content of air remains the same, raising air temperature causes a(n)
____________________ in relative humidity.
13. A temperature inversion occurs when air temperature ____________________ with height.
14. Clouds are classified based on ____________________ and ____________________.
15. ____________________ is defined as a cloud with its base at or very near the ground.
16. A(n) ____________________ describes the way air temperature changes with altitude.
17. Air pressure pushing down on an object exactly ____________________ the air pressure pushing up on the
object.
18. In a mercury barometer, when air pressure increases, the mercury in the tube ____________________.
19. Air flows from areas of ____________________ pressure to areas of ____________________ pressure.
20. The Coriolis effect deflects all free-moving objects to the right of their path of motion in the
____________________ Hemisphere.
21. In the Northern Hemisphere, winds blow inward and ____________________ around a low.
22. In anticyclones, the values of the isobars ____________________ from the outside toward the center.
23. In coastal areas during the summer, land heats up more during ____________________ than does the
adjacent body of water.
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Name: ________________________
ID: A
24. The opposite of El Niño is ____________________.
25. Weather patterns such as summer heat waves and winter cold spells are caused by large bodies of air called
____________________.
26. The terms ____________________ and ____________________ describe the moisture characteristics of air
masses.
27. The terms ____________________ and ____________________ describe the temperature characteristics of
air masses.
28. A(n) ____________________ air mass is uniformly cold and dry in winter and cool and dry in summer.
29. In the Great Lakes region during winter, ____________________ air masses can cause lake-effect snow.
30. When two air masses meet, they form a(n) ____________________, which is a boundary that separates two
air masses.
31. Middle-latitude cyclones are large centers of ____________________ pressure that generally travel from
west to east and cause stormy weather.
32. ____________________ are the most powerful storms on Earth.
Short Answer
33. What is weather?
34. What is climate?
35. What are the most important measurable properties of weather and climate?
36. Why do seasons occur?
37. What three things may happen to incoming solar radiation?
38. What factors other than latitude exert a strong influence on temperature?
39. Compare and contrast the heating of land and water.
40. Water vapor makes up what percentage of gases in the atmosphere?
41. What is humidity?
42. What is relative humidity?
43. How can the relative humidity of a parcel of air be changed?
44. What happens to air temperature when it is compressed or allowed to expand?
45. What four mechanisms cause air to rise?
46. When would you expect the characteristics of an air mass to change?
47. Which two criteria are used to classify air masses?
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ID: A
Meteorology Unit Review
Answer Section
COMPLETION
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nitrogen, oxygen
stratosphere
precipitation
conduction
Reflection
temperature control
cooler
radiation
heat
more
ratio, water vapor
decrease
increases
rises
form, height
Fog
temperature profile
balances
rises
becomes higher
higher, lower
Northern
counterclockwise
increase
become larger
daylight hours
the day
La Niña
air masses
continental, maritime
polar, tropical
continental polar
cP
continental polar
cP
front
low
Hurricanes
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ID: A
SHORT ANSWER
33. the state of the atmosphere at any given time and place
34. Climate refers to weather patterns that have been observed over many years.
35. air temperature, humidity, type and amount of precipitation, air pressure, and the speed and direction of the
wind
36. Seasons occur because Earth’s axis is tilted and its position relative to the sun continually changes as it
travels along its orbit.
37. It may be reflected, transmitted, or absorbed.
38. heating of land and water, altitude, geographic position, cloud cover, and ocean currents
39. Land heats more rapidly and cools down more rapidly than does water.
40. 0 to 4 percent
41. the general term for the amount of water vapor in air
42. the ratio of air’s actual water-vapor content compared with the amount of water vapor air can hold at that
temperature and pressure
43. by adding or removing water vapor or by changing temperature
44. When air is compressed, it warms, and when it is allowed to expand, it cools.
45. orographic lifting, frontal wedging, convergence, and localized convective lifting
46. when the air mass moves over a new surface
47. source region and overall temperature
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