Download File

Unable to create some images
What is energy?!
●
●
Energy is the ability to do WORK.
Energy can come in many different FORMS….
chemical energy
electrical energy
heat (thermal energy)
light (radiant energy)
mechanical energy
Electromagnetic energy
nuclear energy
gravitational energy
Types of Energy!
All forms of energy can be divided into two types:
1.
Kinetic Energy
●
●
Moving energy
Increases as motion(velocity)
increases
Increases as mass increases
KE = ½ x mass x velocity2
●
●
2.
●
●
●
●
Potential Energy
Stored energy
Increases as height increases
Increases as mass increases
PE = mass x gravity x height
Let’s Try it! Playing Charades!
With your group, take the next 3 minutes to develop a
silent skit that shows an example of kinetic or potential
energy.
Your group will act this out in front of the class. The class
will guess which type of energy you are acting out.
READY…… set……. GO!!!
Law of Conservation of Energy
-Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred from one form to another!
Top of the hill
Bottom of the hill
Kinetic Energy: 12.4 kJ
Kinetic Energy: 270.3 kJ
Potential Energy: 294.0 kJ
Potential Energy: 5.1 kJ
Dissipated Energy: 0.4 kJ
Dissipated Energy: 31.4 kJ
TOTAL: 12.4 + 294.0 + 0.4 = 306.8 kJ
TOTAL: 270.3 + 5.1 + 31.4 = 306.8 kJ
Water Demonstration
What do you notice about the about the total amount of “energy” before and after it
is transferred ?
TOTAL ------>
KE
PE
DE
REDO ENERGY SORT!
With your group, complete the
energy sort again. Record your
results on your note paper.
Did you do better this time?!
Mechanical
●
●
●
Definition:The form of energy associated with the position and motion of an
object.
How does it work? Mechanical energy is a combination of an object’s
potential energy and kinetic energy. It is the ability to do work. The more
mechanical energy an object has, the more work it can do!
○ Mechanical Energy = Potential Energy + Kinetic Energy
Examples:
○ 1. A football being thrown by a quarterback.
○ 2. A basketball being shot by Steph Curry.
○ 3. A roller coaster going up and down the hills.
○ 4. Mr. Howe jumping on a trampoline.
○ 5. Riding a bike.
Thermal Energy
●
●
●
Definition:The total potential and kinetic energy of an object’s PARTICLES!
How does it work? All objects are made up of particles that are in constant
motion. (The faster they move, the more kinetic energy they have, the hotter
they are!) The particles are all arranged in specific ways. This gives them
potential energy.
Examples:
○ 1. Lava flowing out of a volcano. (HIGH KINETIC - HIGH THERMAL)
○ 2. Melting ice cream in the sun. (Increasing kinetic - Increasing thermal)
○ 3. Ice cream in freezer (low kinetic - low thermal)
○ 4. Bowl of soup (high kinetic - high thermal)
○ 5. Melted candle hardening (decreasing kinetic - decreasing thermal)
Electrical
●
●
●
Definition: The energy that flows through electric charges.
How does it work? Electric charges can be moving or stored. Therefore it can
be kinetic or potential energy. When electric charges move, “electrons” are
jumping from one atom to another. The faster the electric charges are
moving the more electrical energy they carry.
Examples:
○ 1. Getting shocked by a door knob.
○ 2. Lightning !
○ 3. A lamp plugged into an outlet.
○ 4. Batteries are used to create electrons to provide the energy to move
an electric current.
○ 5. To charge our cellular devices.
Chemical
●
●
●
Definition- The potential energy stored in the chemical bonds that hold
chemical compounds together.
How does it work? Almost everything is composed of a chemical compound
(H2O) These bonds hold chemical energy. When these bonds break apart
during a chemical reaction, chemical energy is released and new chemical
bonds are formed.
Examples:
○ 1. Your body breaking down food
○ 2. Burning wood in a fire
○ 3. The process of photosynthesis
○ 4. A car rusting
○ 5. Gas being used in a car
Electromagnetic
●
●
●
Definition - Waves of energy that have electric and magnetic characteristics.
How does it work? There are many types of electromagnetic energy. Each
type is classified by the speed and length of the waves. The faster the waves
the more energy they have!
Examples:
○ 1. Visible Light
○ 2. Radio Waves
○ 3. X-Ray
○ 4. Microwave
○ 5. Ultraviolet
Light
● Definition: Electromagnetic waves that travel through
space and allow us to see.
● How does it work? These waves vibrate and bounce off of
objects allowing us to see them.
● Examples:
○ 1. Fire
○ 2. Sun
○ 3. Light bulbs
○ 4. Lightning
○ 5. Stars
Gravitational
● Definition: Potential energy that depends on the
●
●
height of an object!
How does it work? Gravity is a force that pulls two objects together (us and
the earth). The higher an object is, the more gravitational energy it has.
Examples:
○ 1. Roller coaster at the top of a hill
○ 2. Poster hanging on wall
○ 3. A leaf on a tree
○ 4. An airplane in the sky
○ 5. Dolphins in the air jumping back into water
○ 6. Water flowing down a waterfall
Nuclear
● Definition: Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom.
● How does it work? Nuclear energy is released during
fission and fusion. Fission is when a nucleus is split in
two. Fusion is when two nuclei fuse together into one.
● Examples:
○ 1. Nuclear Bombs
○ 2. Medicine
○ 3. Mars Rover
○ 4. Nuclear Power Plants