Download Mixed Coherent Domains - Conference on the Physics, Chemistry

Coherent Domains
as Negentropic Engines in the frame
of Geomagnetic and
Geoelectromagnetic Fields
Water Conference: Physics, Chemestry & Biology
Sofia, Boyana Residence October 6-9, 2016
Livio Giuliani1,2, Enrico D'Emilia3, Nikolaj Blom1
1Giuliano
Preparata Institute for Cellular Medicine SCE Ltd.,
Rome–København, I-DK
2ICEMS (International Commission for ElectroMagnetic Safety),
Venice, I
3INAIL (ISPESL) Research Center, Monteporzio Catone (Rome), I
Pioneers
Since 1975 the interaction of weak ELF magnetic
with living matter has been investigated [1-6].
William Ross Adey (1922- 2004), he discovered the
interaction is allowed in a window in frequency and
in amplitude of the electromagnetic spectrum (1975)
Abraham R. Liboff, for the first
time, suggested that ICR (Ion
Cyclotron Resonance) is the
mechanism that mobilizes ions in
living matter (1985).
Mikhail N. Zhadin (1935-2015) he proved
motion of ion in aqueous solutions
depends on the geomagnetic field (1994).
Pioneers
In order to have a simple physical model, M.N.
Zhadin and collaborators [5,6] introduced a non
biological set up with an aqueous solution of amino
acids in an electrolytic cell where a DC voltage
was applied (-80 mV). A combination of two parallel
magnetic fields, DC and AC, was superimposed
orthogonally to the current direction.
The Zhadin Effect
A remotly controlled
solenoid-incubator within
the hypomagnetic room of
CNR in Rome:
the signal generator and
the CO2 and Temperature
Control Unit
The Zhadin experiment was
replicated in several independent laboratories in USA,
Germany, Italy [6-11] and in
China. Everyone can access
the CNR-IFT lab in Rome
where a facility is set up to
replicate the Zhadin effect
The Zhadin Effect
Au electrodes sunk in the
vessel are connected in a
circuit with an amperometer.
When the DC-AC MFs are tuned
with GLU ICR, a peak of current
araises and dumps according
with the b-coefficient of a
dumped oscillator.
The Zhadin Effect
It reveals an astonishing behaviour of
aquaeous solutions interacting with
weak ELF electromagnetic fields!
Why?
In the electrolytic cell, there is
bidistilled water to which an acid buffer
is added bringing pH to 2.85. Then GLU
is added in. At 2.85 pH, GLU is a neutral
polar molecule.
The Zhadin Effect
The current peak arising when the ICR is
switched on evidences:
1. GLU become ionized despite it is exposed
to a NIR;
2. the arising current has a lifetime in the
order of the second despite the Brownian
forces overcome (~108 times) the Lorentz
force induced by the AC field [12];
i.e. the electric signal exceeds the
thermal noise due to the kT, despite the
Shannon-Hartley theorem.
Some Applications in Biology
Since 2005, our research group exploited the
Zhadin effect in the hypomagnetic room at CNR
in Rome and in Chieti with reference to:
•cytology,
i.studying the inner ion currents in cells
ii.and inducing differentiation of:
-murine neuronal and muscle-skeletal stem
cells,
- human epithelial, cardiac stem cells [14-19];
•experimental oncology, modulating tumor cells
in vitro [20-21];
•microbiology, modulating the biofilm mass
Studying ion currents in cells
Some Applications in Medicine
Further research groups investigated the ULFs
and AM RFs impact in :
• cytology, studying DNA signals [23-25],
• experimental oncology in vitro and in vivo
[26-31], allowing the development of devices
for the treatment of cancer approved by FDA
[32];
• microbiology, in order to assess the remote
induction or inhibition of viruses [33].
WHAT THE MECHANISM?
WHAT THE MECHANISM UNDERLYING SUCH
RESULTS IN CELL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE?
FOR AN ANSWER, LOOK AT THE INNER STRUCTURE
OF WATER
COHERENCE IN MATTER AT ROOM TEMPERATURE
WATER IS A QUANTUM
LIQUID
Water can be considered as a dynamic equilibrium between water single
molecules and water clusters organized as microscopic aggregates:
clusters can be tuned in phase i.e. coherent
When clusters are coherent they can be named Coherent Domains (CDs).
COHERENCE WAS DISCOVERED IN HERTZIAN WAVES
by A. Kastler, in 1950, who proposed the laser as an optical
pump, earning the Nobel Prize in 1966.
In 1962 L.D. Landau earned his Nobel Prize with the
discovery of coherence in the superfluid state of helium-4
(figures from Wikipedia: on the left the l-line between superfluid and fluid 4He; on the right
the respective densities normalized to the total density )
THAT’S THE DISCOVERY OF COHERENCE IN MATTER
LIQUID WATER IS MADE OF COHERENT
& UNCOHERENT FRACTIONS
Superfluid helium cannot be found in nature. Its
temperature (< 2.2 K) is lower than the CMB
temperature (2.72 K) that pervades the universe.
According to QED [34-36], the behaviour of water is
analogue to the one of superfluid helium: there
are two fractions, coherent and incoherent, and
they increase or decrease between 0 and 100 °C
as helium fractions in the previous figure.
Water CDs at room temperature can be considered
as spheres with a radius of about 40 nm and
containing about 5,500,000 water molecules.
They originate from the oscillation of vacuum, due to
the uncertainty principle.
DEDt ≥ h/(2)
WATER AS MICKEY MOUSE
The status |S >=a0|S0>+a1 |S1> of a water molecule is the
superposition of the ground state 1s and the excited state 5d,
where a0=0.87 and a1=0.13
Oscillations between these two states give origin to the
Mickey Mouse water
1s State
5d State:
one of the 5
orbitals
WATER AS MICKEY MOUSE
That in turn gives origin to the tetrahedral hydrogen bond:
linking molecules in tetrahedral lattices (ice) or flickering
tetrahedral structures (liquid water) whose proper time is
in the order of a fraction of picosecond: that’s the order of
CDs lifetime
1s
+
5d
WATER CD IS A DANCING MICKEY
MOUSES’ ENSEMBLE
The hydrogen bond arises as the macroscopic
representation of the superposition of the two main
quantum states of the water molecules, whose gap is
12,06 eV
i.e. 6.5 * 1013 Hz.
CDs are clusters of liquid water molecules, all oscillating at
the same frequency, 6.5 * 1013 Hz, with the same phase.
THAT’S
+
+
COHERENCE
THE ORIGIN OF CD
Whatever is P the probability of one interaction, there will be a
critical density of molecules ncr=Ncr/V (where V=l3) such that
Pl3ncr=1
When the density is n> ncr ,the photon is trapped !
i.e. it has no chances of coming back to the vacuum and it is
permanently trapped in the ensemble of the n molecules
The same fate occurs to other IR photons coming out of
vacuum
Thus in a short time a large electromagnetic wave grows
within the ensemble that from now on we’ll refer as CD.
Is it correct? Is it not only a cluster
but is it coherent as well?
Inside the ensemble there is a large electromagnetic field then
there is a large vector potential A. Outside this potential decays
to zero. In the boundary there is a not negligible Grad(|A|2).
In the neighborhood a molecule, oscillating with frequency n,
experiments an attractive strength:
F Grad(|A|2)/(nwater –n)2
able to capture the molecule adding on it to the ensemble.
When n=nwater (eventually frequency and phase result to be tuned
for resonance) the captured molecule becomes physically
undistinguishable with respect to other molecules and the
ensemble results to be a CD.
This is true for other water molecules, added on until the volume l3
is filled in (as a matter of fact the liquid water density is 1600
times the vapour density).
Mixed Coherent Domains
And it is true for all molecules with
| n-nwater|<e, e  0,026 eV.
It’s the origin of the Mixed Coherent Domains (MCDs)
They are water CDs including solute molecules that enter CDs
sharing their energy and entropy [37-38].
How much is the energy of a CD? How much the entropy?
Since the coefficient of the status S1 is 0.83 the averaged excitation
energy of a single molecule is 1,53 eV, while the energy of
propagation of the coupled photon is 3.55 eV. Thus the coherent
status corresponds to the minimum energy status and the
photon is trapped in the CDs. This situation of minimum of
energy corresponds to a minimum of entropy, since in the space
Mixed Coherent Domains
This situation of minimum of energy corresponds to a minimum of
entropy, since in the space of phases it corresponds to a single
point instead of 5,500,000.
Entropy is proportional to the logarithm of the number of the actual
microstates. Thus
entropy of a CD is ideally zero.
When molecules in a CD reach the unison of phases
they assume the same physical and also chemical
behaviour, independently from their chemical
structure.
Each molecule in a water CD becomes indistinguishible,
even if it is not a water molecules.
Mixed Coherent Domains
In the proximity of an interface, able to give a
supplement of energy, CDs become stable.
It is a theoretical statement but it is also an experimental
evidence, thanks to the Zhadin effect [9].
All molecules trapped in the boundary of a stable CD
share the same energy and entropy of all the other
water molecules for a relatively long time.
In the proximity of an interface there are two kind of
molecules different from water: the ones with v such
that
nwater –n<0,026 eV
that are easily captured by a water CD forming a
MCD that we can name hydrophyle or
biomolecules.
The others that we could name hydrophobe or
antibiomolecules.
Mixed Coherent Domains
In the proximity of an interface, able to give a
supplement of energy, where CDs become stable and
biomolecules share the energy and the entropy of a
MCD for long time (relatively), biomolecules are
indistinguishible from water molecules and we cannot
look at them with usual chemical methods.
For such molecules that zone is an inclusion zone.
Only we cannot look at them.
For hydrophobe molecules the same zone is an
excusion zone and we can detect them in bulk water
by usual chemical means.
Mixed Coherent Domains
When, even after itered dilutions, an aqueous solution
undergoes to a suitable combination of DC-AC
magnetic fields the biomolecules captured in the
boundary of a CD, whose ICR matches that DC-AC
combination, the same biomolecules escape and they
appear again in bulk water.
It can be the erratic mechanism under many successes
of omeopathy and also the mechanism under the
detection of DNA signals.
Erratic, because depending on atmospheric and other
environmental conditions that we are not yet able to
control.
In nature a suitable combination of AC-DC magnetic
fields occurs thanks to the Schumann frequencies that
match the ICR of hydrates of hydronium.
Mixed Coherent Domains
Hydronium, escaping from CDs under the combined
action
of
the
geomagnetic
and
of
the
electrogeomagnetic (or Schumann) fields, protonates
water allowing an amplification of all signals, even of
signals needed to extract chemical compounds from
CDs after an itered dilution [39].
Then conductivity of bulk water increases, PH decreases
and the index of refraction changes [40].
The escaped molecules,having gained the enrgy
provided by the CD that they left, are able to
overcome the kT and to produce all chemical
reactions according to their chemical structure.
Thus water CDs provide the energy for the life aging as
negentropic engines: they store whatever energy
coming from the ambient (vacuum included), and give
back an electromagnetic energy that molecules in
aqueous solutions (cytoplasm included) can exploit.
GIBBS FREE ENERGY
Furthermore when they capture a molecule, since
the closed system CD-external molecule reduce
its entropy after the capture, in that moment CDs
release a lot of free energy G according to the
equation:
G= E- TDS
since DS<0.
That energy increases the stored energy of all
components of the CD but it is at least
partially released in the environment.
GIBBS FREE ENERGY
As a matter of fact a forest, as well a beautiful
landscape reach of water and plants releases a
detectable white noise!
An embrion that is a living system organizing its
material for the growth, thus reducing his entropy,
shows the higher number of apoptosis.
A society which kills his members, even for justice,
reduces its coherence, increases its entropy and
does not release free energy: its destiny is the
implosion.
THANK YOU SO MUCH!
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We are grateful to Emilio Del Giudice,
whose suggestions we captured talking
with him. We complain for his immature
departure in Jan. 31st 2014.
Emilio Del Giudice
Naples Jan 1° 1940 – Milan Jan 31° 2014
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