Download AP WORLD HISTORY – PERIOD V (1900

AP WORLD HISTORY – PERIOD V (1900-2012)
Week of April 4th - April 8th
Chapter 21
World History Concepts for the Week:
 The older based land-based Ottoman, Russian, and Qing empires collapsed due to a combination of internal and
external factors. Groups and individuals opposed and promoted alternatives to the existing economic, political,
and social orders such as Communist leaders like Lenin and Mao Zedong.
 Transnational movements sought to unite people across national boundaries, e.g. communism.
 The global balance of economic and political power shifted after the end of WWII and rapidly evolved into the
Cold War. The United States and Soviet Union emerged as superpowers, which led to ideological struggles
between capitalism and communism throughout the globe.
 The Cold War produced new military alliances, including NATO and the Warsaw Pact, and promoted proxy wars
in Latin America, Africa, and Asia.
 In the communist states of the Soviet Union and China, governments controlled their national economies, e.g.
Stalin’s Five Year Plans and Mao’s Great Leap Forward.
Vocabulary for 3x5 Cards: Stalin, CCP (Chinese Communist Party), Mao Zedong, collectivization, Five Year Plan, Great
Leap Forward, NATO, Warsaw Pact, perestroika/glasnost, Deng Xiaoping
Monday, April 4th. Read from 1035 to “China: A Prolonged Revolutionary Struggle” on page 1042
Prompt: Analyze the causes of Communist Revolution in Russia. Your answer should address at least two of the
following categories: political, social, economic.
Use and underline the following terms in your answer: Bolsheviks, Lenin, communism
Tuesday, April 5th. Read from “China: A Prolonged Revolutionary Struggle” on page 1042 to “Building Socialism” on
1045.
Prompt: Compare and contrast the causes of the communist revolution in China with the causes of communist
revolution in Russia. Your answer should address as least two of the following categories: political, economic, social.
Use and underline the following terms in your answer: CCP (Chinese Communist Party), Mao Zedong
Wednesday, April 6th. Read from “Building Socialism” on page 1045 to “East versus West: A Global Divide and a Cold
War” on page 1054.
Prompt: Compare and contrast the effects of Communist revolution on Russia versus China. Make sure you address
economic, social, and political effects.
Use and underline the following terms in your answer: collectivization, Five Year Plan, Great Leap Forward
Thursday, April 7th. Read from ““East versus West: A Global Divide and a Cold War” on page 1054” to “Paths to the End
of Communism” on page 1061.
Prompt: Identify the principle points of conflict between the Soviets and their allies (and their communist system)
and the US & our allies (and our capitalist system).
Use and underline the following terms in your answer: NATO, Warsaw Pact
Friday, April 8th. Read from “Paths to the End of Communism” on page 1061 to the end of the chapter on page 1067.
Prompt: Analyze continuities and changes in Communist China and Russia from 1970-2008. Be sure to identify at
least two continuities and two changes.
Use and underline the following terms in your answer: perestroika/glasnost, Deng Xiaoping
Glossary:
Stalin: Josef Broz “Stalin”, leader of the Soviet Union after the death of Lenin. After eliminating his chief rival for power, Leon Trotsky, Stalin
concentrated control of the Communist state under himself, building a cult of personality enforced by deportation to Siberian labor camps (Gulags)
or outright murder. Initiated a series of economic plans to modernize Russian Industry, focusing on heavy equipment at the expense of commercial
goods.
CCP (Chinese Communist Party): Political party founded by Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaopeng, and others in reaction to the corruption and abuses of the
Chinese Nationalist (Guomindang) leadership after the end of the Qing dynasty. Drew on the works of Karl Marx, but focused on agricultural
peasants instead of industrial proletariats.
Mao Zedong: Charismatic and long-standing leader of the Chinese Communist Party, who initiated an aggressive industrial and economic
modernization (see Great Leap Forward) as well as a repressive cultural program (the Cultural Revolution). Created a cult of personality around
himself and, for a while, resisted sharing power with other members of the CCP.
Collectivization: The elimination of private property and re-apportionment of land and tools to groups of people sometimes known as
“communes”. Practiced in both Soviet Union and CCP.
Five Year Plan: Five-year economic/industrial progress plan created by Stalin in the Soviet Union, often involving deep sacrifice by the agricultural
sector to boost output of the industrial. Ultimate example of a “command economy” program.
Great Leap Forward: Mao Zedong’s industrialization and modernization program in China which, while it achieved some of its goals, also resulted in
disastrous consequence including mass starvation amongst the Chinese peasants.
NATO: North Atlantic Treaty Organization: Military alliance formed at the conclusion of World War II in order to encourage cooperation between
formerly antagonistic Western European countries and provide a united front against the Soviet Union and its Eastern European allies.
Warsaw Pact: Military alliance (often forced) between the Soviet Union and the countries of Eastern Europe including Poland, East Germany,
Czechoslovakia (no longer a country), Hungary, Bulgaria, Romania, and to a lesser extent Yugoslavia (no longer a country) meant to counter the
influence of NATO.
perestroika/glasnost: Reform programs initiated by Soviet Prime Minister Mikhail Gorbachev designed to allow for economic liberalization and
freedom of expression.
Deng Xiaoping: Successor to Mao Zedong in China who began liberalizing the Chinese economy and backed off the more extreme elements of the
Cultural Revolution. A reformer not unlike Mikhail Gobachev in the Soviet Union.