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INTRODUCTION TO BIOLOGY
BIOLOGY
Many Biologists specialize in one of the branches of biology shown in the table below:
BRANCH
TOPICS STUDIED
Structure of organisms
Chemical substances and reactions in
living things
Plants
Cells
How living things interact with their
environments
How living things form and develop
into independent organisms
How inherited characteristics pass from
one generation to the next
Micro-organisms
Fossils
Animal diseases
How living things perform life functions
Classification of living things
Animals
BIOLOGICAL ORGANIZATION
In grade 10 science, the following levels were discussed:
Biome → Ecosystem → Community → Population → Individual (Organism)
The Organism is made up of the following levels:
Levels of Biological Organization (from smallest to largest):
________ → _______________→ ________________ → ___________
→ _____________→ _____________________ → _________________
Come up with your own examples for each level of biological organization:
Atom________________ → Molecule ____________ → Cell __________→ Tissue ___________ →
Organ_________________________→Organ System______________→ Organism_____________
What makes something living??
The Characteristics Of Living Things:
(Must be present at some stage of life cycle of the organism. Remember, some organisms are only
one cell big!)
1. Living things are ____________________
2. All living things must be able to ________________
3. All living things must have a ___________________
4. All living things must maintain___________________
5. All living things have _____________
6. All living things must be able to _____________________
7. Growth and development
Important Dates Relating to The Cell:
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THE CELL THEORY
1. All living organisms are composed of _____________________________________.
2. Cells are the basic units of ____________________________________ in all organisms.
3. All cells come from __________________________________________________.
4. The activity of an entire organism depends on the total activity of its independent cells.
Many of the Characteristics of Life are carried out by specialized parts of the cell called _________.
Organelle: A specialized structure within a cell that performs a specialized function in the cell.
In many ways, the cell is like a city, with each organelle performing an essential function for the cell.
Each organelle has a unique job/function
The City has …
The Cell has …
City Limits
Power Plant
Highways
Storage Facility
City Dump/Recycling Plant
Post Office
Factory
City Hall
Records In City Hall
Farm
Messenger in City Hall
We will learn the structure, function and how to identify each part of the cell.