Download Forms of Energy

What are the different
forms of energy?
What forms can energy
take and how do they
compare?
The Nature of Energy
Energy
Kinetic energy
Potential
energy
Chemical
potential
energy
Elastic potential
energy
Gravitational
potential energy
Law of
conservation of
energy
What is energy? (cont.)
• Energy is the ability to cause change.
• Energy can cause changes in the motions of
objects.
• Anything that causes change, must have energy.
– Ex. You use energy when you travel to school,
whether you walk, ride in a car, or take the bus.
• Energy is measured in units called joules (J).
What is energy? (cont.)
• Energy comes in many forms.
Forms of Energy
Form
Nuclear
Chemical
Electrical
Light
Mechanical
Sound
Thermal
Example of Source
the Sun, radioactive material
food
a generator, a battery (ie: radio)
the Sun, an electric lamp
moving parts in a machine
vibrations of a stereo speaker
hot water in a radiator: When
energy is changed from one
from to another
• All forms of energy have one thing in common: they
have the ability to cause change.
What are kinetic and potential energy?
• You know that there are many forms of energy.
But all forms of energy can be classified as
potential or kinetic energy.
• Kinetic energy is the energy of motion.
• Do you think an object with more kinetic energy
is moving faster or slower compared to an object
with less kinetic energy?
What are kinetic and potential energy? (cont.)
• All moving objects have kinetic energy.
• The faster an object moves, the more kinetic
energy it has.
• If two objects move at the same speed, the
object with more mass has more kinetic
energy.
• Kinetic energy depends on mass and speed
What are kinetic and potential energy? (cont.)
• The kinetic energy (KE) of an object depends on its
speed and its mass. The vertical bars show the
kinetic energy of each vehicle.
What are kinetic and potential energy?
(cont.)
• Energy doesn‘t have to involve motion. Even
motionless objects can have energy.
• Potential energy is the energy stored in an
object or a material.
– Ex. A rock at the top of a hill :Has the potential
to cause change by rolling down the hill.
– Does a roller coaster at the top of the hill have a
high or low potential energy? What about
kinetic?
What are kinetic and potential energy?
(cont.)
• Objects can have a combination of
potential and kinetic energy – mechanical
energy.
– Ex. Roller coasters
At the top of the hill – high potential
energy and low kinetic energy.
Coming down the hill – potential energy
decreases and kinetic energy
increases.
What are the forms of potential
energy?
• Chemical potential energy is energy stored in the
chemical bonds between atoms.
– Ex. Food, gasoline
What are the forms of potential
energy? (cont.)
• Elastic potential energy is the energy
stored in something that can stretch or
compress.
– Ex. Spring, rubber band when stretched or
compressed
What are the forms of potential
energy? (cont.)
• Gravitational potential energy is the energy
stored in objects due to their position
above Earth’s surface.
• The GPE of an object depends on the
object’s mass and height above the ground.
– Ex. Dropping a bowling ball from 1m causes a
greater change than dropping a tennis ball from
1m.
Law of conservation of energy
• In any transformation, energy is not created or
destroyed, only transformed
Where would a book have the most
potential energy?
A.
B.
C.
D.
on the floor
on the top shelf of a bookcase
on the middle shelf of a bookcase
on the lowest shelf on a bookcase
Which term refers to energy due to motion?
A.
B.
C.
D.
kinetic energy
potential energy
sound energy
stored energy
With your table, come up with physical
movements to help you remember each
vocab term
Energy
Kinetic energy
Potential
energy
Chemical
potential
energy
Elastic potential
energy
Gravitational
potential energy
Law of
conservation of
energy
What are the different
forms of energy?
What forms can energy
take and how do they
compare?
Based on the information you have just gathered, develop a possible answer for the
questions above.
Practice
• Use your notes and textbook to complete the
practice packet
Homework: Review notes and vocabulary for
test tomorrow.