Download Reproduction, Growth and Development in Living

Reproduction, Growth and
Development in Living Organisms
Reproduction Defined
• Who can reproduce?
– A species is defined as a group of similar
organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile
offspring
• Types of Reproduction
– Asexual: formation of offspring from a single parent
– Sexual: two parents join together to form a new
individual
Kingdom Protista
Reproduction
• Asexual Reproduction: one
protist splits into two
Growth and Development
• Once Protists become too
large to maintain a balanced
environment, they will
begin the reproduction
process.
Kingdom Plantae
Spores
• Single reproductive cell that
can grow into a new
organism
• Adaptation for life on land
because it is light weight
and easily carried by wind
Seeds
• Reproductive structure that
contains a plant embryo
• Provide a protective coat
and nutrients until the
embryo germinates
• Two types of seed
producing plants:
– Angiosperms
– Gymnosperms
Ferns: Seedless vascular Plants
Ferns: Spores on underside of leaves
Reproduction with Spores: Fern
Sperm
Spores being released
Spores on the underside of fern
Egg
Zygote
(Fertilized Egg)
Mature Fern
Reproduction with Seeds
• Gymnosperms (“naked seed”)
– Reproduce using male and female cones
Male Cone: produces pollen
Female Cone: contains eggs
Life Cycle of A Gymnosperm
Gymnosperm Seeds
Reproduction with Seeds
• Angiosperms
– Reproduce using flowers with male and female
parts. An ovary(fruit) grows around the zygote.
– The flowers also act to attract pollinators, such as
bees, butterflies, and other insects.
Life cycle of an Angiosperm
Angiosperm Fruit
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ttRgMj7PdQ
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q80pcN0lp8s
Kingdom Animalia
External Fertilization
• Sperm and egg meet
outside of the body
Internal Fertilization
• Sperm and egg meet inside
the female body.
External Fertilization
• Frogs spawning
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q50Yphp1gzI
Growth and Development
Kingdom Plantae
• Germination
– A plant growing from a seed or a spore
Kingdom Animalia
• Metamorphosis
– Transforming from an immature form to an adult
form
Complete Metamorphosis
Incomplete Metamorphosis
Kingdom Animalia
• Amniotic Egg
– Allowed the
first reptiles
to colonize
land
Kingdom Animalia: Class Mammalia
Marsupial Mammals
Placental Mammals
• Young develop for a short
time in the mother and
then complete their
development in a pouch
located on the outside of
their mother
• Give birth to live young that
developed in the mother’s
uterus
• Placenta
– An organ that passes
nutrients and oxygen
between mother and
developing embryo
Marsupial Mammals
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2lCKc8tURtc
Placental Mammals
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1kZW8e79Bm0