Download heart study guide

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM STUDY GUIDE
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1
Name_______________________
normal ranges for blood pressure
o what site is most often used (brachial site)
o hypertension symptoms
o hypotension symptoms
normal ranges for heart rate (pulse) = 72-75
o know where the following pulses would be taken:
 apical
 femoral
 brachial
 carotid
 popliteal
 temporal
 radial
 dorsalis pedis
Be able to trace the flow of blood through the entire CARDIOPULMOMARY CIRCULATION given any point
in the circuit.
When blood and nutrients are supplied the entire body it is referred to SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION.
Be able to follow the electrical conduction through the heart
o ________________________
o ________________________
o ________________________
o ________________________
______________________________
o ________________________
Systole is the _________________ phase of the heartbeat.
Diastole is the __________________________ phase of the heartbeat.
MI = myocardial infarction (heart attack)
Artery – takes blood ______________ from the heart, veins _________________ blood to the heart.
o Know the qualities of the vessels:
 Arteries are the strong and elastic; it can handle increased pressure
 Veins collapse easily when not filled with blood.
 Capillaries are one cell thick, is the conduit between arterioles and venules. They can
only be seen under a microscope.
A clot (thrombus) in the leg can dislodge and give rise to an ___________________ (in the lung and can
be life-threatening).
Varicose veins are _______________________________________________________. They are
commonly found in pregnant women.
The heart is one pound and sits in the thoracic cage with the apex lying on the diaphragm.
The heart functions as a ______________________ pump.
What are the chambers and valves of the heart?
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Which valve prevents back flow into the left ventricle? __________________________________
Which valve prevents back flow into the right atrium? __________________________________
Which valve prevents back flow into the left atrium? ___________________________________
Which valve prevents backflow into the right ventricle? _________________________________
The _____________________ is the muscular wall between the right and left side of the heart.
Edema is fluid buildup in the tissues due to poor venous circulation
The electrical activity of the heart can be recorded in an __________________________
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2
Signs of a heart attack:
o __________________________________________
o __________________________________________
o __________________________________________
When the heart does not receive enough oxygen the pain felt is called
_____________________________________________________________________
A disorder of the heart valve will result in a __________________ on auscultation.
Where does the origination of the heart beat come from (the pacemaker)?
_________________________________________________________________
Which component of the cardiac conduction system is responsible for the contraction of the ventricles?
_____________________________________________________________
Arrhythmia (irregular heart beat or conduction defect)
_____________________ takes place in the capillaries
_________________________________ is the chamber of the heart that pumps blood to the body.
Endocarditis can be treated with _______________________________________.
Know the indications for
o Coronary bypass
o Coronary stents
o Balloons
o Defibrillator
o Artificial pacemaker
The three layers of the heart muscle
o ____________________________________________
o ____________________________________________
o ____________________________________________
know what these vessels supply oxygenated blood to:
o carotid arteries _____________________________________
o coronary arteries ___________________________________
o hepatic arteries _____________________________________
o pulmonary vein _____________________________________
Which vessel carries blood from the heart to the lungs to pick up oxygen? _________________________
Disease in the systemic circulation can be confirmed with an angiogram.
Know where the cardiac valves are located (between what two chambers of the heart)
Know the following Diseases/disorders:
o Hypertension – silent killer
o Angina pectoris (periodic chest pain with no heart chest pain)
o MI
o Heart failure
o Varicose veins
o Atherosclerosis (fatty deposits in the walls of the arteries)
o Phlebitis
o TIA (temporary loss of blood flow to the brain); CVA(permanent loss of blood to brain)
o Aneurysm
o hemorrhoids