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Date of download: 5/6/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: A Method for Measurement of Joint Kinematics in Vivo by Registration of 3-D Geometric Models With Cine Phase Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data J Biomech Eng. 2005;127(5):829-837. doi:10.1115/1.1992524 Figure Legend: Graphical bone models (GBMs) and anatomical coordinate systems for the knee extension experiment. (a) The inferior∕superior axis of the femur was aligned by bisecting landmarks in a static sagittal plane image of the knee. (b),(c) The medial∕lateral axis of the femur was aligned parallel to planes tangent to the most posterior and inferior surfaces of each condyle. The femoral landmark for measuring joint position parameters was at the most distal point in the femoral notch. (d) The inferior∕superior axis of the tibia was aligned with a similar method to that of the femur. (e),(f) The tibia’s medial∕lateral axis was oriented parallel to planes tangent to the most posterior surfaces of the tibia∕fibula and the tibial plateau. The tibial landmark for measuring joint position parameters was the midpoint of the tibial intercondylar eminences. For both femur and tibia, the inclinations of the alignment planes in the sagittal view were determined by the inferior∕superior axis directions as described above.