Download energy study guide File

GPE = mgh
KE = ½mV​2
Name____________________________________
Block_______
Energy Review (study guide)
Calculate the GPE, KE, and velocity of the following rollercoaster at the different points on the track. You
can ignore friction in your answer!
SHOW (or explain) YOUR WORK!!
(Initial velocity = 0 m/s )
1. GPE at the highest point of the track(start/top) =
(1)_______________
2. KE at the highest point of the track (start/top) =
(2)_______________
3. KE half way down from the highest point in the track =
(3)_______________
4. Velocity at this point of the track =
(4)_______________
1
GPE = mgh
5. GPE at the top of the second hill =
KE = ½mV​2
(5)_________
6. How much KE is left at the top of the second hill? Show your work and explain your answer.
7. A cart at the top of a 30 meter hill has 10,000 joules of energy. What is the ​mass​ of the cart? ​(hint:
re-arrange the GPE formula to solve for m)
8. Why can’t a ball starting at a height of 1 meter, roll down a hill, ​and​ get to the top of the next hill that is
2 meters high? Explain ​and​ maybe draw a picture below to support your answer.
9. In real life not all energy is transferred between GPE and KE. In real life, describe what happens to the
energy in a roller coaster as it rolls down a hill?
2
GPE = mgh
KE = ½mV​2
Vocab Review - match the best description with the vocabulary term.
_______ 1. total amount of kinetic & potential energy in a system
a. energy
_______ 2. the ability to cause change
b. friction
_______ 3. stored energy due to position
c. kinetic energy
_______ 4. energy in the form of motion
_______ 6. unit to measure energy in food
d. law of conservation of
energy
e. gravitational potential
energy
f. Mechanical energy
_______ 7. energy stored in chemical bonds
g. potential energy
_______ 8. energy stored in things that stretch or compress
h. Calorie
_______ 9. energy stored in things that are above earth
i. elastic potential
energy
j. chemical potential
energy
k. Joule
_______ 5. energy cannot be created nor destroyed
_______ 10. metric (SI) unit of energy
_______ 11. causes some mechanical energy to change to thermal energy
Complete the following sentences with the correct terms from the unit.
1. The amount of kinetic energy a moving object has depends on its mass and its __________________.
2. The potential energy of an object depends on its ________________________.
3. The energy stored in foods and fuels is _______________________ potential energy.
4. The law of ________________________________________ states that energy cannot be created nor
destroyed.
5. Nutritionists use the ___________________ to measure how much energy we get from foods.
6. The conversion of potential energy to kinetic energy follows the _______________________________
_______________________________.
7. You convert kinetic energy into thermal energy when you rub two sticks together because of
______________________.
3
KE = ½mV​2
GPE = mgh
More MATCHING!
_______ 1. kinetic energy
a. energy that is stored
_______ 2. chemical potential energy
b. energy stored in a stretched spring
_______ 3. gravitational potential energy
c. energy of a spinning bicycle wheel
_______ 4. elastic potential energy
d. energy stored in food
_______ 5. potential energy
e. energy stored in a boulder on a
mountainside
More VOCAB review!
Use the words below to fill in the blanks. Words CAN be used MORE THAN ONCE!
energy
more
kinetic
less
joule
potential
chemical
1. Two baseballs have the same mass. The ball that is closer to the ground has ____________________
gravitational potential energy than the other ball.
2. Two trucks have the same velocity but different mass. The truck with the greater mass has
______________________ kinetic energy than the other truck.
3. ______________________ is the ability to cause change.
4. A _____________________ is a unit of measure of all forms of energy.
5. When an object falls, some of its _____________________ energy changes to ___________________
energy.
6. The ____________________________________ energy of an object depends on its mass and height.
7. The energy of food and other fuels is ______________________ potential energy.
4