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Buddhism I. Origins A. Siddartha Gautama= Hindu holy man in Nepal (near India), 5th century BCE B. Taught new interpretations of Hinduism C. Renamed “Buddha” which means “enlightened one” D. Buddhism spread from India into China, SE Asia, Japan II. Beliefs A. Buddhism kept Hindu ideas of karma & reincarnation B. Goal of life: to reach perfect peace, called NIRVANA—the “state of not-wanting” C. Four Noble Truths 1. All of life is suffering. 2. We suffer because we desire 3. End suffering by ending desire 4. End desire by following the Eightfold Path D. Eightfold Path 1. Right……. …Views …Intent …Speech …Action …Concentration …Livelihood …Effort …Mindfulness 2. Focus on the Eightfold Path through meditation and compassion III. Sects A. Theraveda --most conservative --follows the teachings of Buddha literally/exactly B. Mahayana -- teaches that Buddha= divine --largest number of Buddhists -- called the “Large Vehicle” C. Zen --emphasizes sudden enlightenment --change the way your mind thinks by pondering non- linear/nonsensical stories called koans --koansmeditate on the storyinsight experience Truth