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Animal Unit-Vocabulary Multicellular Made up of more than one cell Vertebrate An animal that has a backbone Endoskeleton Phyla Genera An internal skeleton Plural form of phylum – one of the largest groups a kingdom is divided into Plural form of genus – a division of a family Ectothermic Body temperature is close to that of their environment Endothermic Body temperature stays constant regardless of the temperature of the environment Heterotroph An organism that cannot produce its own food Fish Amphibian Pores A vertebrate that lives in water and uses gills to breath A vertebrate that spends the first part of its life in the water and then develops lungs and breathes air Holes through which water flows Reptiles An ectothermic vertebrate that has scales and lays eggs on land Birds An endothermic vertebrate with a beak, two legs, and two wings Mammals A vertebrate that has fur or hair and makes milk to feed its young Invertebrates An animal without a backbone Exoskeletons Metamorphosis Sponges Segmented worms Echinoderms Mollusks A skeleton outside an organism’s body A change in the form of an animal during development A simple animal that lives in the water, attached to a solid surface An invertebrate with Long tube-like body that is divided into segments An aquatic invertebrate which has arms that extend outward from the center of the body and a skeleton made of calcium An invertebrate whose body is divided into a head, a body mass, and a foot Arthropods An invertebrate with an exoskeleton, jointed legs, and a segmented body Camouflage The ability of an organism to blend into its surrounding Mimicry Looking like another living thing, or like a nonliving part of the environment Internal stimuli A stimulus that comes from within an organism External stimuli A signal from or change in an organism’s environment that the organism responds to Hibernation Migration Internal Temperature Sweating Panting A state when an animal’s breathing and heart rate slow down and the animal goes into a period of deep sleep An animal’s movement to a new location when the season’s change The temperature inside an animal’s body Salty water produced by glands in the skin that evaporates and cools the body An animal breathes heavily which increases the air flow and causes an increase in evaporation from the animal’s mouth an lungs, cooling the animal Constant Body Temperature Physical Response An animal’s ability to keep a constant temperature inside the body An organism’s physical reaction to an external stimuli Shivering An involuntary response the body uses to increase the rate at which energy is transformed into heat Blinking An automatic response that helps protect the eye Tear Film Protects the eye from drying out and from potential infection Behavior Anything an organism does in response to changes in its environment; a complex set of responses to stimuli Food Gathering Storing Food Behavioral Responses Learned behavior Defense Migration Smells The process of finding food by hunting or fishing or the gathering of seeds, berries, or roots, may be seasonal Animals gather food and store food for the winter How animals cope with their environment Animal behaviors that result from direct observation and or experiences An organism’s way of escaping a predator An animal’s movement to a new location when the seasons change An offensive odor in response to fear Ejection An animal can release a fluid to give it time to escape Stingers Wasp and bees use this for protection Grouping Animals travel together in groups to protect individuals within the group or to fool a predator into thinking the group is one large organism Courting Imprinting Sensory Cues in Courtship Conditioning Adults of a species try to attract a potential mate A behavior in which newborn animals recognize and follow the first moving thing they see Chemical odor cues, sounds, or colors that serve as courtship attractants in animals A form of a learned behavior in which an organism learns to respond in a specific way to a stimulus Inherited behavior Animal behaviors that are passed from parent to the offspring and are with the animal from birth Instincts An action or response that an animal gets from its parents and does not have to learn Internal Stimuli A stimulus that comes from within an organism Hunger An internal stimulus that cues an animal to eat Thirst An internal stimulus that cues an animal to drink Sleepiness An internal stimulus that cues an animal to sleep Nervous System Gills A network of nerves and organs that controls body activities An organ that allows animals to breathe underwater Autotroph An organism that can produce its own food Organism A living thing