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Transcript
‘New Drugs’ Conrad Foote and Robbie Dreha To cover: • New drug definitions • Local drugs trends • Drugs and the Law • Service provision • Q&A ‘Legal Highs’ were a large group of substances that copied the effects of illegal drugs but were not controlled by the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 Not always legal and did not always cause a high Novel Psychoactive Substances New . . . . . . . . . . . . Drugs “Meow, Bubble, Spice Research Chemicals, Bath Salts, Plant food, Magic….” ‘Not for Human Consumption’ DRUG SALES Drug dealing /selling ‘Head Shops’ Internet What is a drug? A medicine or other substance which has a physiological effect when ingested or otherwise introduced into the body. A psychoactive drug is a substance that changes brain function and results in alterations in perception, mood, or consciousness. o Depressants o Stimulants o Hallucinogens o Opiates / Analgesics Image & Performance Enhancing Drugs (IPEDs) Depressants Alcohol Benzodiazepines Nitrous Oxide GBL/GHB Ketamine Glues/Gasses Slow heart rate Low blood pressure Slower reaction time Lack of motivation Depression Tiredness Death Stimulants Caffeine Nicotine Cocaine Crack Cocaine Ecstasy Khat MDMA Amphetamine Methylamphetamine Fast heart rate Increased confidence Suppresses appetite High blood pressue Increased blood flow Paranoia Sweating Loss of septum Heart attack Death Opiates Hallucinogenics (painkillers) Cannabis Ketamine LSD MDMA Psilocybin mushrooms AMT South American toad Odd thoughts and beliefs Paranoia Depression Flashbacks Time perception Altered senses Psychosis Accidental death Heroin DF118 Codeine Tramadol Morphine Diamorphine Methadone Overdosing Loss of limbs Itching Inability to feel pain Drowsiness Withdrawal Death Exercise Why do people use drugs? 1. Positives 2. Negatives 3. Why do adults use drugs (including alcohol) 4. Barriers for people disclosing drug use Synthetic Cannabinoids Spice GBL / GHB Geeb G MDMA Garries Pills Nitrous Oxide Nitrous Balloons Noz Ketamine Ket K Special K L.S.D. Trips Acid Methamphetamine Tina Christine Ice Meth SYNTHETIC CANNABINOIDS Spice • • • • • • • • Copy THC in Cannabis Higher Potency Chemicals made in China Sprayed onto herb mixtures in Europe Mixture of Synth cannabis in one packet Sold in ‘Head Shops’, Internet and Illicit sales Labelled as brands Illicit Pain management, cancer treatment, MS Synthetic Cannabinoids Spice Symptoms include: • Profuse sweating • Racing heart beat • Extreme muscle tension • Delirious ranting • Very high body temperature VIDEO Vertex branded ‘Space Cadet’ ‘Three men in Warrington hospitalised yesterday (Weds, June 3) since been discharged’. Nitrous Oxide Noz, Balloons, Laughing Gas, Hippy Crack Short Term Risk: Small whippets/ canisters: Relatively Low Risk Dizziness, Accidents, Frostbite -20C Decrease of mental activity, Long term Vit B deficiency Large canisters: Sold for car engines Asphyxiation – Blocked breathing, Hypoxia, Coma, Death Medicinal: prescribed with 02 ‘Gas and Air’ - Childbirth LSD LYSERGIC ACID DIETHYLAMIDE Acid, trips Hallucinogen Short-term Risk: • Delusions, LSD Related accidents, • Uncertainty - ’Good trip’, Bad trip’ ? • Length of time: 6 to 12 hours, dependent on strength Long Term Risk: • Mental Health – Depression, Psychosis, Flashbacks, PTSD… • Damage to Psychological Development KETAMINE Ket, Special K, K • Dissociative Anaesthetic • Powder , tablet, liquid • Medical use as a sedative RISK • Hallucinations, Perception of separation of body and brain • Drug induced Psychosis • Delusions similar to schizophrenia. • High risk of accidents, vulnerability. Alcohol increases risk. Often unresponsive whilst in ‘K-Hole’. Cramps. Memory loss. • 1 in 6 regular users develop Ketamine Bladder (ketamine-induced ulcerative cystitis ) • Class B MDMA Tablets, Pills, Garries 3,4-METHYLENEDIOXY-METHAMPHETAMINE MDMA Pills, Garries, Magic… What type of drug is MDMA? • • • • • • Stimulant (Empathogen) Tablet and powder Euphoria and energy. RISKS: Increases heart rate, body temp & BP Serotonin Toxicity Class A GBL & GHB Geeb • Depressant • Liquid (GBL) and salt powder form dissolved in water (GHB) • Medicinal usage and sold legally as Alloy wheel cleaner • Mixed with Alcohol increases risk • RISKS: Deep sleep – coma-like unconsciousness. Seizures. Vulnerability. Violence. Agitation. Respiratory depression. Depression. • Effects: Similar to alcohol but stronger, Dependence, Sleep difficulties. Undiluted GBL can burn • Known to contain harmful adulterants (including commercial) • Class C Methamphetamine Yaba, Tina and Christine, Meth, Ice, Glass, Crank Effects/Risk : Methamphetamine • Makes users feel very up, alert and energised, agitated, paranoid, confused and aggressive • It can also have other effects: • Increased levels of activity and feelings of arousal. • Reduced appetite • Increased heart rate and blood pressure, raising the risk of heart attack – the higher the dose, the greater these effects. • Lowered inhibitions, which can lead to users taking risks that they wouldn’t normally take, such as having unsafe sex. Drugs andthe the Law Drugs and LAW Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 Drugs and the Law The Psychoactive Substances Act 2016 is a law in the UK intended to restrict the production, sale and supply of a new class of psychoactive substances often referred to as "legal highs” Possession: LEGAL Production, Sale and Supply: ILLEGAL Imprisonment up to 7 years Drugs and the Law • The New Psychoactive Substances Act • Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 • The Intoxicating Substances (Supply) Act • Temporary Class Drug Orders (TCDO) • Targeted Support (Youth Offending Service) orders Risk Factors for ‘New drugs’ HEALTH SOCIAL • Injury • Deprivation • Overdose • School Absence • Mental health • Dependence • Asphyxiation • Injecting • NEET • Unemployment • Family Breakdown • Violence • Crime Risk sometimes linked to culture, deprivation, education, cost, availability…. Risk is increased when: • Substances are taken in large amounts • Mixed with other drugs, especially alcohol • Sharing equipment, needles, barrels , notes, keys • Underlying physical and mental health conditions • Taken alone • Used frequently • Injected • Mixing drugs with other activities, e.g driving, swimming 1000 DRUG-RELATED DEATHS UK, ONS 2014 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 Drug related death [all age] ONS, 2014 DRUG-RELATED DEATHS UK, ONS 2014 9000 8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 Drug related death [all age] ONS, 2014 Drugs Tobacco Cannabis Nitrous Oxide Mephedrone Ketamine LSD Amphetamine Crack Cocaine Anabolic Steroids Alcohol Cocaine Synthetic Cannabinoids Heroin MDMA and tablets Solvents Methamphetamine Prescribed Meds GBL/GHB Khat Young People’s and Adult Service Reducing drug-related harm providing: • 1 to 1 support • Targeted Group Work • Family Service SUPPORTING YOUNG PEOPLE provide advice & support for young people between the aged 10 to 19 and 20 to 24 with additional support needs who want to: • Cut down • Stop/Quit • Improve safety 0151 706 9747 CRAFFT Tool Car, Relax, Alone, Forget, Family, Trouble CRAFFT QUESTIONs Multi agency screening tool to use with young people C Have you ever ridden in a Car or motorbike driven by someone (including yourself) who was high or had been using alcohol or drugs? CRAFFT R Do you ever use alcohol or drugs to Relax, feel better about yourself, or fit in? A Do you ever use alcohol or drugs while you are by yourself Alone? F Do you ever Forget things you did while using alcohol or drugs? F Do your Family or friends ever tell you that you should cut down on your drinking or drug use? T Have you ever been in Trouble while you were using alcohol or drugs? Y E S N O Young People’s Service Family Workers 0151 706 9747 Liverpool Central Recovery Centre (ARC) - Roscoe Street 0151 706 7888 Questions ? Thank you Conrad Foote & Robbie Dreha Young Addaction Liverpool Phone: 0151 706 9747 Free Phone: 08000 196 197 Twitter: @YoAddactionLiv