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Nervous System Basics I. Function II. Subdivisions III. Anatomy Functions of the Nervous System 1. Sensory Input Functions of the Nervous System 1. Sensory Input 2. Integration Functions of the Nervous System 1. Sensory Input 2. Integration 3. Motor Output Nervous System Basics I. Function II. Subdivisions III. Anatomy Nervous system CNS PNS Nervous System Organization • Central Nervous System (CNS) – Brain & Spinal Cord Nervous System Organization • Central Nervous System (CNS) – Brain & Spinal Cord – Integration Center Nervous System Organization • Central Nervous System (CNS) – Brain & Spinal Cord – Integration Center – Interpret stimuli & cause motor response Nervous System Organization • Central Nervous System (CNS) – Brain & Spinal Cord – Integration Center – Interpret stimuli & cause motor responses • Peripheral Nervous System – Spinal & Cranial Nerves Nervous System Organization • Central Nervous System (CNS) – Brain & Spinal Cord – Integration Center – Interpret stimuli & cause motor responses • Peripheral Nervous System – Spinal & Cranial Nerves – Link body to CNS Nervous system CNS PNS Efferent Afferent Subdivisions of the PNS • Sensory (Afferent) Division – Carry impulse to CNS Subdivisions of the PNS • Sensory (Afferent) Division – Carry impulse to CNS • Receptor types – Somatic sensory receptors – Visceral sensory receptors Nervous System Organization • Central Nervous System (CNS) – Brain & Spinal Cord – Integration Center – Interpret stimuli & cause motor responses • Peripheral Nervous System – Spinal & Cranial Nerves – Link body to CNS Subdivisions of the PNS • Motor (Efferent) Division – Carry impulse from CNS to the _________ organs Subdivisions of the PNS • Motor (Efferent) Division – Carry impulse from CNS to the _________ organs • Potential Effects: – Muscle contraction Subdivisions of the PNS • Motor (Efferent) Division – Carry impulse from CNS to the _________ organs • Potential Effects: – Muscle contraction – Hormone secretion Nervous system CNS PNS Efferent Somatic Autonomic Afferent Efferent Subdivisions • Somatic Nervous System – Motor nerves carrying impulse to _______ muscle Efferent Subdivisions • Somatic Nervous System – Motor nerves carrying impulse to _______ muscle – “Voluntary Nervous System” Efferent Subdivisions • Somatic Nervous System – Motor nerves carrying impulse to _______ muscle – “Voluntary Nervous System” – Conscious control Efferent Subdivisions • Autonomic Nervous System – Motor nerves carrying impulse to glands, ________ & _______ muscle Efferent Subdivisions • Autonomic Nervous System – Motor nerves carrying impulse to glands, ________ & _______ muscle – “Involuntary Nervous System” Efferent Subdivisions • Autonomic Nervous System – Motor nerves carrying impulse to glands, ________ & _______ muscle – “Involuntary Nervous System” – Runs on “Autopilot” Efferent Subdivisions • Autonomic Nervous System – Motor nerves carrying impulse to glands, ________ & _______ muscle – “Involuntary Nervous System” – Runs on “Autopilot” – Maintains homeostasis Nervous system CNS PNS Efferent Somatic Afferent Autonomic Sympathetic Parasympathetic Autonomic Nervous System • Sympathetic Nervous System – Emergency situations – “Fight of Flight” response – Effects on body include: • • • • sweating scalp “prickling” increased heart rate Adrenalin release Autonomic NS Subdivisions • Parasympathetic – Non-emergency situations Autonomic NS Subdivisions • Parasympathetic – Non-emergency situations – “Resting and Digesting” Autonomic NS Subdivisions • Parasympathetic – Non-emergency situations – “Resting and Digesting” – Effects include: • decreased heart rate • increases peristalsis • bladder contraction Nervous System Basics I. Function II. Subdivisions III. Anatomy Types of Nervous Tissue 1. Neuroglia (“nerve glue”) • Supporting skeleton for nerves Types of Nervous Tissue 1. Neuroglia (“nerve glue”) • Supporting skeleton for nerves • Insulate nerves by forming a “myelin sheath” Types of Nervous Tissue 1. Neuroglia (“nerve glue”) • Supporting skeleton for nerves • Insulate nerves by forming a “myelin sheath” 2. Neuron (nerve cells) • Specialized cells that transmit _________ impulses Dendrites Cell Body Receive signals from other __________ Axon Synaptic Terminal Dendrites Cell Body Contains nucleus and organelles Axon Synaptic Terminal Dendrites Cell Body Generates and transmits the ________ potential Axon Synaptic Terminal Dendrites Sends chemical signals Cell Body called _____________ to adjacent neurons Axon Synaptic Terminal Communication Between Neurons Sending Neuron Receiving Neuron Synapse What is a Nerve? What is a Nerve? Nerve . Bundle Nerve Neuron Motor root Carries signal out to organs Motor root Carries signal out to organs Sensory root – Carries signal in from organs Motor root Carries signal out to organs Sensory root – Carries signal in from organs Motor + Sensory Root = Spinal Nerve Dura Mater Tough Protective tissue Motor root Carries signal out to organs Sensory root – Carries signal in from organs Motor + Sensory Root = Spinal Nerve Summary • Nervous system allows for sensory input, integration, and response to stimuli • Nervous system can be subdivided based on function and location • Nerves transmit electrical impulses down an axon