Download Cells Questions - G. Holmes Braddock

SC.912.L.16.17
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. Which of the following happens when a cell divides?
a. The cell’s volume increases.
b. It becomes more difficult for the cell to get rid of wastes.
c. Each daughter cell receives its own copy of the parent cell’s DNA.
d. It becomes more difficult for the cell to get enough oxygen and nutrients.
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2. The process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells is called
a. cell division.
b. metaphase.
c. interphase.
d. mitosis.
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3. An advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction is that sexual reproduction
a. takes less time
b. requires more time
c. provides genetic diversity
d. produces identical offspring
Figure 10–2
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4. A multicellular organism begins life as a single cell—a fertilized egg with a complete set of chromosomes.
The picture in Figure 10–2 above shows how the cell divides to become two cells, then four cells, eight cells,
and so on. Which of the following statements best describes what happens during this process?
a. Chromosomes are duplicated before cell division so that each new daughter cell has a
complete set.
b. Chromosomes are divided evenly during cell division so that each new daughter cell has
an equal share of the original set.
c. Chromosomes are stored in the original cell to direct the division of all daughter cells,
which do not have their own chromosomes.
d. Chromosomes are randomly distributed during cell division so that some new cells have
partial sets while others have complete sets.
Figure 10–5
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5. The structures labeled B in Figure 10–5 are called
a. centromeres.
b. centrioles.
c. sister chromatids.
d. spindles.
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6. The first phase of mitosis is called
a. prophase.
b. anaphase.
c. metaphase.
d. interphase.
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7. During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up along the middle of the dividing cell?
a. prophase
b. telophase
c. metaphase
d. anaphase
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8. Which of the following represents the phases of mitosis in their proper sequence?
a. prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
b. interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
c. interphase, prophase, metaphase, telophase
d. prophase, anaphase, metaphase, telophase
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9. What is the role of the spindle fibers during mitosis?
a. They help separate the chromosomes.
b. They break down the nuclear membrane.
c. They duplicate the DNA.
d. They make the chromosomes visible.
____ 10. During normal mitotic cell division, a parent cell that has four chromosomes will produce two daughter cells,
each containing
a. two chromosomes.
b. four chromosomes.
c. eight chromosomes.
d. sixteen chromosomes.
____ 11. Which of the following explains why normal cells grown in a petri dish tend to stop growing once they have
covered the bottom of the dish?
a. The cells lack cyclin.
b. The petri dish inhibits cell growth.
c. Contact with other cells stops cell growth.
d. Most cells grown in petri dishes have a defective p53.
____ 12. Cancer is a disorder in which some cells have lost the ability to control their
a. size.
b. spindle fibers.
c. growth rate.
d. surface area.
____ 13. Cancer cells form masses of cells called
a. tumors.
b. cyclins.
c. growth factors.
d. p53.
____ 14. Cancer affects
a. humans only.
b. unicellular organisms only.
c. multicellular organisms only.
d. multicellular and unicellular organisms.
____ 15. During early development, all cells in the embryo of a multicellular organism are identical. Later on in
development, the cells will become specialized through a process called
a. apoptosis.
b. cytokinesis.
c. differentiation.
d. interphase.
____ 16. When Gregor Mendel crossed a tall plant with a short plant, the F1 plants inherited
a. one allele from each parent.
b. two alleles from each parent.
c. three alleles from each parent.
d. four alleles from each parent.
____ 17. If a pea plant’s alleles for height are tt, what is true of its parents?
a. Both parents were tall.
b. Both parents were short.
c. Both parents contributed a recessive allele.
d. Both parents contributed a dominant allele.
____ 18. In the P generation, a tall plant was crossed with a short plant. Short plants reappeared in the F2 generation
because
a. the allele for shortness becomes more common in the F2 generation.
b. the allele for shortness becomes dominant in the F2 generation.
c. the alleles for both heights segregated when the F1 plants made gametes.
d. the alleles for tallness begin to disappear in the F2 generation.
____ 19. What principle states that during gamete formation genes for different traits separate without influencing each
other’s inheritance?
a. principle of dominance
b. principle of independent assortment
c. principle of probabilities
d. principle of segregation
RrYy
RY
RY
Ry
rY
ry
RRYY
RRYy
RrYY
RrYy
Seed Shape
R = Round
r = Wrinkled
Ry
RRYy
RRyy
RrYy
Rryy
RrYy
rY
RrYY
RrYy
rrYY
rrYy
ry
RrYy
Rryy
rrYy
rryy
Seed Color
Y = Yellow
y = Green
Figure 11–2
____ 20. The Punnett square in Figure 11–2 shows that the gene for pea shape and the gene for pea color
a. assort independently.
b. are linked.
c. have the same alleles.
d. are always homozygous.
____ 21. Gametes have
a. homologous chromosomes.
b. twice the number of chromosomes found in body cells.
c. two sets of chromosomes.
d. one allele for each gene.
____ 22. Gametes are produced by the process of
a. mitosis.
b. meiosis.
c. crossing-over.
d. replication.
Figure 11–4
____ 23. What is shown in Figure 11–4?
a. independent assortment
b. anaphase I of meiosis
c. crossing-over
d. replication
____ 24. Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of
a. diploid cells.
b. haploid cells.
c. 2N daughter cells.
d. body cells.
____ 25. What is formed at the end of meiosis?
a. two genetically identical cells
b. four genetically different cells
c. four genetically identical cells
d. two genetically different cells
____ 26. Which of the following assort independently?
a. chromosomes
b. linked genes
c. multiple alleles
d. codominant alleles
Gene Map of Chromosome 2 of the Fruit Fly
Figure 11–5
____ 27. Which trait is most likely linked to having a curved wing in the fruit fly in Figure 11–5?
a. dumpy wing
b. vestigial wing
c. arc (bent wings)
d. speck wing
____ 28. If two genes are on the same chromosome and rarely assort independently,
a. crossing-over never occurs between the genes.
b. crossing-over always occurs between the genes.
c. the genes are probably located far apart from each other.
d. the genes are probably located close to each other.
____ 29. The farther apart two genes are located on a chromosome, the
a. less likely they are to be inherited together.
b. more likely they are to be linked.
c. less likely they are to assort independently.
d. less likely they are to be separated by crossing over.
SC.912.L.16.17
Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
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DIF: L1
REF:
10.1.1 Explain the problems that growth causes for cells. STA:
Foundation Edition
MSC: knowledge
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10.1.2 Compare asexual and sexual reproduction.
STA:
Foundation Edition
MSC: knowledge
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DIF: L3
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10.1.2 Compare asexual and sexual reproduction.
STA:
evaluation
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REF:
10.2.1 Describe the role of chromosomes in cell division.
SC.912.L.14.3
TOP: Foundation Edition
application
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PTS: 1
DIF: L1
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10.2.3 Describe what happens during the four phases of mitosis.
SC.912.L.16.14
TOP: Foundation Edition
knowledge
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PTS: 1
DIF: L1
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10.2.3 Describe what happens during the four phases of mitosis.
SC.912.L.16.14
TOP: Foundation Edition
knowledge
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DIF: L2
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10.2.3 Describe what happens during the four phases of mitosis.
SC.912.L.16.14
TOP: Foundation Edition
comprehension
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10.2.3 Describe what happens during the four phases of mitosis.
SC.912.L.16.14
TOP: Foundation Edition
analysis
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10.2.3 Describe what happens during the four phases of mitosis.
SC.912.L.16.14
MSC: application
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10.2.3 Describe what happens during the four phases of mitosis.
SC.912.L.16.14
TOP: Foundation Edition
application
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10.3.1 Describe how the cell cycle is regulated.
STA:
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MSC: analysis
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10.3.2 Explain how cancer cells are different from other cells.
SC.912.N.1.1.6 | SC.912.L.16.8
TOP: Foundation Edition
comprehension
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PTS: 1
DIF: L1
REF:
p. 276
SC.912.N.1.1.6
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SC.912.L.16.17
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10.3.2 Explain how cancer cells are different from other cells.
SC.912.N.1.1.6 | SC.912.L.16.8
TOP: Foundation Edition
knowledge
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PTS: 1
DIF: L3
REF: p. 289
10.3.2 Explain how cancer cells are different from other cells.
SC.912.N.1.1.6 | SC.912.L.16.8
MSC: synthesis
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REF: p. 293
10.4.1 Describe the process of differentiation.
TOP: Foundation Edition
application
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DIF: L2
REF: p. 312
11.1.2 Describe what happens during segregation.
STA: SC.912.L.16.1 | SC.912.L.16.2
Foundation Edition
MSC: comprehension
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DIF: L2
REF: p. 310
11.1.2 Describe what happens during segregation.
STA: SC.912.L.16.1 | SC.912.L.16.2
application
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DIF: L2
REF: p. 310 | p. 311
11.1.2 Describe what happens during segregation.
STA: SC.912.L.16.1 | SC.912.L.16.2
Foundation Edition
MSC: analysis
B
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
REF: p. 317
11.2.2 Explain the principle of independent assortment.
STA: SC.912.L.16.1 | SC.912.L.16.2
Foundation Edition
MSC: knowledge
A
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 317
11.2.2 Explain the principle of independent assortment.
STA: SC.912.L.16.1 | SC.912.L.16.2
Foundation Edition
D
PTS: 1
DIF: L3
REF: p. 323
11.4.1 Contrast the number of chromosomes in body cells and in gametes.
SC.912.L.16.16
MSC: synthesis
B
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DIF: L1
REF: p. 324 | p. 325
11.4.2 Summarize the events of meiosis.
STA: SC.912.L.16.16
Foundation Edition
MSC: knowledge
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PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 324 | p. 325
11.4.2 Summarize the events of meiosis.
STA: SC.912.L.16.16
Foundation Edition
MSC: application
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DIF: L1
REF: p. 327 | p. 328
11.4.3 Contrast meiosis and mitosis.
SC.912.L.16.14 | SC.912.L.16.16 | SC.912.L.16.17
TOP: Foundation Edition
knowledge
B
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 328
11.4.3 Contrast meiosis and mitosis.
SC.912.L.16.14 | SC.912.L.16.16 | SC.912.L.16.17
TOP: Foundation Edition
application
A
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 328 | p. 329
11.4.4 Describe how alleles from different genes can be inherited together.
SC.912.L.16.1
MSC: comprehension
B
PTS: 1
DIF: L3
REF: p. 328 | p. 329
11.4.4 Describe how alleles from different genes can be inherited together.
SC.912.L.16.1
TOP: Foundation Edition
evaluation
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DIF: L2
REF: p. 328 | p. 329
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11.4.4 Describe how alleles from different genes can be inherited together.
SC.912.L.16.1
TOP: Foundation Edition
analysis
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PTS: 1
DIF: L2
REF: p. 328 | p. 329
11.4.4 Describe how alleles from different genes can be inherited together.
SC.912.L.16.1
TOP: Foundation Edition
evaluation