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Complements
Intro to Lit
Complement
 A word or group of words that completes the meaning of the
predicate of a sentence
 5 types





direct objects
indirect objects
objective complements
predicate nominatives
predicate adjectives
Direct Object
 noun, pronoun, or group of
words acting as a noun that
receives the action of a
transitive verb.
 To find the DO in a sentence,
ask who or what after an
action verb. (trans verbs only)
 The scientists studied the lab
results.
 Holly watched her sister after
school.
 In some inverted questions,
the DO will appear near the
beginning of the sentence,
before the verb. To find the
DO, rephrase the question.
 Ex: Which book did you read?
 You did read which book?
 A verb may have more than
one direct object, called a
compound direct object.
 Ex: She played volleyball and
basketball.
Indirect Object
 noun or pronoun that
appears with a direct object
and names the person or
thing that something is
given to or done for.
 Jack gave Mary the flowers.
 Cedric promised the CIA
answers in exchange for his
life.
 Indirect Objects appear
only with transitive action
verbs and are usually found
after such verbs as:
 ask, bring, buy, give, lend,
make, promise, show,
teach, tell and write.
Indirect Objects continued
 To find the Indirect Object,
 Remember that the
first make sure that the
sentence has a Direct
Object, then ask to or for
whom? or to or for what?
after the verb and the
Direct Object.
 The Indirect Object will
always come BEFORE the
Direct Object
Indirect Object is never the
object of the preposition to
or for
 Ex: She took the NASA
souvenir (for her sister).
 (for her sister) is a prep
phrase
 Rearrange: She took her
sister a NASA souvenir.
Objective Complement
 An adjective or noun that
appears with a direct object
and describes or renames
it.
 Objective Complements
are found only after such
verbs as:
 appoint, call, consider,
elect, label, make, name, or
think.
 Maria called Rob clever.
 Please consider my offer
honestly.
Subject Complement: a noun, pronoun, or an
adjective that appears with a linking verb and tells something
about the subject.
Predicate Nominative
Predicate Adjective
 noun or pronoun that
 adjective that appears with
appears with a linking verb
and renames, identifies, or
explains the subject.
a linking verb and
describes the subject of the
sentence.
 Her dad is a carpenter.
 The food tastes spicy.
 My car was a convertible.
 That class is awesome.
Practice: What complement is the underlined word?
 That bag looks heavy.
 Mark became a lawyer because he father was one.
 This building is the newest one on campus.
 Ricky sent Dana some red roses.
 Susie is the class president this year.
 Hey, don’t kick the wall!
 This dinner tastes delicious!
 Mrs. Smith appointed Maria team captain.
 I served breakfast to my mom.
 We remained close friends after the break up.