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WORLD STUDIES Mid-Term Review 2011/2012 The following is a list of topics that will be on the midterm. You should begin using your notes, and handouts to make up YOUR OWN review. The midterm will consist of 180 multiple choice questions and one essay (230 points). The multiple choice questions will be divided evenly between the English and Social Studies content, and the essay will be interdisciplinary. Culture/Artifacts Observation and inference Definition of culture and civilization (GREASES) Monotheism/polytheism Patriarchal/matriarchal Nomadism, subsistence farming Ancient Greece Geography of Greece Minoans v. Mycenaeans (comparison chart/GREASES) “Lost Civilizations” video (frescoes, Trojan War, Homer, Atlantis, etc.) Golden Age (definition) Development of Democracy (Direct democracy v. representative democracy) Pericles (who he was, his three goals for Athens) Areas of achievement during the Golden Age Philosophy (Socrates, Plato and Aristotle) Acropolis and Parthenon Sculpture Greek Architecture columns (orders of columns) values illustrated in the architecture (order, balance and proportion) Drama (tragedy and comedy, dramatists, theatre) Values of Ancient Greece The Renaissance: Reasons why it began in Northern Italy Major Renaissance Values: Humanism, Secularism, Patron, Renaissance Man/Woman Major Artists: Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Donatello, Raphael and examples of their work/accomplishments Linear perspective: difference between medieval and Renaissance art (technique and values) Vernacular Northern Renaissance: Why did it spread North Christian Humanists (Erasmus and More): What did these humanists focus on? Christine de Pizan Johann Gutenberg’s printing press Impact of printing press Renaissance’s impact on Europe The Reformation: Causes Martin Luther: Three major beliefs 95 Theses Indulgences Heresy/heretic Consequences of Luther’s actions (Pope Leo X and Holy Roman Emperor’s response) Council of Worms and Edict of Worms Peace of Augsburg John Calvin and Calvinism: Predestination, The “Elect” Henry VIII and his six wives Elizabethan England: Elizabeth’s biography (her parents, her religion, her education, etc.) Challenges to Elizabeth’s reign (religious conflicts, rival queen, Spanish ambitions and financial difficulties) Act of Uniformity and Act of Supremacy Mary Stuart (Queen of Scots) English Sea Dogs (Francis Drake),Dutch Protestants and Mary Stuart Spanish Armada (reasons why Philip II invaded, how did English defeat Armada, final result) Defeat of Armada is Turning Point in European History (Why? What came out of Spain’s defeat?) England’s financial problems/joint stock company Puritans (Who were they? What did they want? How did Elizabeth respond?) Enlightenment Philosophes Divine right of kings Beliefs/ideas of: Voltaire, Montesquieu (Separation of Powers), Jean-Jacques Rousseau (social contract), Cesare Beccaria, Mary Wollstonecraft, John Locke (natural rights), Thomas Hobbes (social contract) Influence of Enlightenment thinkers on Declaration of Independence and U.S. Constitution/Bill of Rights (STUDY CHART) Impact of Enlightenment Africa: The Three Themes of Africa and examples Geography of Africa (including geographic locations i.e. Map) Igbo G.R.E.A.S.E.S. (examples) Important terms: polygamy, polytheistic, ancestor worship, patriarchy, pastoralism, nomadism, subsistence farming, urbanization European influence in Africa (when it began, why began then, why they went to Africa, etc) Imperialism/Colonialism – definition European motives (Nationalism, economic competition, European racism and missionary impulse) Social Darwinism “Survival of the fittest” Internal and External forces that promoted imperialism in Africa (study chart from textbook) Berlin Conference (which countries dominated Africa) Indirect vs. direct management (including goals of each) Paternalism Assimilation Positive and negative impact of colonial rule (chart from class)