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for patients About Prostate Cancer deCODE ProstateCancer™ Prostate cancer is the most common non-skin cancer in the United States and the second leading cause of cancer death in men. Early diagnosis is critical. When diagnosed and treated early, over 90 percent of prostate cancer can be cured. Genetic Risk Assessment Test ARUP Is a nonprofit enterprise of the University of Utah and its Department of Pathology. If you are age 40 or over, consider having regular PSA screening prior to a complete risk assessment. A complete risk assessment includes a prostate exam, PSA blood test, evaluation of family history, and a prostate ultrasound and/or biopsy when indicated. See the American Urological Association (AUA) website for additional recommendations. www.aruplab.com ARUP LABORATORIES 500 Chipeta Way Salt Lake City, UT 84108-1221 Phone: (800) 522-2787 Fax: (801) 583-2712 May 2012 © 2012 ARUP Laboratories National Reference Laboratory deCODE ProstateCancer™ | Genetic Risk Assessment Test what you need to know About the Test I am African American, Hispanic, or Asian. Can my doctor order this test for me? Do I need to take the deCODE ProstateCancer Genetic Risk Assessment test periodically, like PSA? What is the intended purpose of the deCODE ProstateCancer™ Genetic Risk Assessment test? No. The test is only valid for white (Caucasian) men of European descent at this time. The genetic markers used in the test have not yet been thoroughly tested in other ethnic groups. No. Your genetic risk does not change over time. This genetic test helps determine a man’s chances of developing prostate cancer (women are not at risk for prostate cancer as they do not have prostate glands). The average risk for a Caucasian man in the United States to develop prostate cancer during his lifetime is 16 percent. Many factors, including family history of prostate cancer, ethnicity, age, and genetic susceptibility, mean some men have a higher or lower than average risk. Can this test tell me if I have prostate cancer or will develop prostate cancer? No. This test cannot diagnose or confirm prostate cancer. This test estimates your chances of developing prostate cancer based on 27 DNA markers. A high risk result does not mean you currently have, or will develop, prostate cancer. A low risk result does not mean you will never develop prostate cancer. Other risk factors not included in this test (e.g., age, family history, etc.), may further increase or decrease your risk for prostate cancer. Can I directly order this test? No. Your doctor must order the test, and you will receive your results through your doctor. The benefits and limitations of the test and the interpretation of test results are best explained through counseling with your doctor, a certified genetic counselor, or other qualified healthcare professional. What does the test measure? The test measures 27 common DNA markers (SNPs) and their associated risk for prostate cancer. Additional genetic risk factors for prostate cancer may be identified in the future and are not currently included in this test; however, this test examines many common DNA markers now known to be associated with risk for prostate cancer. This test assesses genetic risk for prostate cancer only and has no relationship to the deCODEme™ genetic scan products offered by deCODE Genetics that assess genetic contribution for multiple disorders/traits. Will I need to have my blood drawn for this test? Your genetic risk for prostate cancer is determined using the 27 identified markers. It is possible, however, that additional risk markers for prostate cancer may be identified in the future. Discovery of additional relevant markers could potentially increase or decrease your genetic risk. Know Your Risk and Adhere to Your Doctor’s Screening Recommendations Risk Factors: • Age: Prostate cancer is rare before the age of 45, with 65 percent of cases diagnosed after the age of 65. • Family history: Having a father or a brother with earlyonset prostate cancer (before age 65) doubles your risk, and having two or more close relatives with early-onset prostate cancer quadruples your risk. No. This test is performed using DNA taken from cells gathered by a swab of your cheek. The cheek cells are collected using special brushes that gently scrape the inside the mouth. • Ethnicity: African-American men are 1.6 times more likely to develop prostate cancer than Caucasian (white) males. How long will it take to get results? • Increased risk: Men with increased risk may benefit from earlier and more frequent screening, including further PSA testing and an ultrasound and/or biopsy when indicated. Test results are usually available within three weeks after the test is ordered. How will the results of this test be used? Your physician may use your test results (personalized genetic information) to help determine the frequency and type of medical screening for prostate cancer that will be most beneficial for you.