Download Earth Science 2nd 9 wk review

2nd 9 week review
The Hubble Space Telescope images are of better quality
than those taken by ground-based telescopes because
space telescope images aren’t influenced by atmospheric
turbulence.
Nebula is another name for a cloud of dust and gas
in space, which is known as the “birthplace” of
stars.
The core is the part of the sun in which nuclear
reactions occur that produce the sun’s energy.
Layers of the sun:
Core-the center
Photosphere-layer of sun from which light is given off
Chromosphere-layer that extends above the
photosphere.
Corona-largest layer of the Sun’s atmosphere
Because of the unique position of the Earth in the
solar system, life has flourished due to the
presence of liquid water.
Earth is the third planet from the sun.
Seasons are caused primarily by the tilt of the
Earth’s axis.
A large group of stars with their solar system is
called a galaxy.
Earth and the solar system are in a galaxy
called the Milky Way.
Our galaxy is a spiral galaxy. There are 3 different
shapes of galaxies: spiral, elliptical, and irregular.
A mineral is classified as an ore as long as it is
profitable and useful.
Iron used in everything from frying pans to ships,
is obtained from its ore, hematite.
The sun’s energy is the result of the fusion of
hydrogen atoms. Produces energy by fusing
hydrogen into helium.
As star color changes from blue to red, the
surface temperature of the star decreases.
Blue stars are hot.
Minerals are composed of one or more chemical
elements.
Comets tail is made up of melting particles from
the comet and it is being blown away by the solar
wind.
Comet is made of ice and dirt.
Hydrogen is burned when solar systems are
formed and water is a by product of burning
hydrogen. Its cold in space so water freezes.
Comet’s tail points away from the sun because
the solar wind blows the tail away from the sun.
What property would a mineral have if it appears
like a new quarter when reflecting light?
Metallic Luster
Mercury, Mars, and Venus are three fairly small
planets, have high density, and rocky composition.
The Rocky Planets:
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars
A person observes that a bright object streaks
across the nighttime sky in a few seconds. What
is this object most likely to be? Meteor
The first manned spaceship to land on the Moon
was- Apollo 11
What is a light year? The distance light travels
in one year
The only reusable manned space vehicle has been
the Space Shuttle.
A belt of asteroids is located an average distance
of 503 million kilometers from the sun. Between
Which two planets is this belt located?
Mars and Jupiter
The last stage in a low mass star is a black
dwarf.
Cyanite (Al2Si03), quartz (Si02), and
leucite (KAISi206) may be grouped together
because they all contain silicon.
Parallax allows you to measure the distance to
nearby stars.
Parallax is the apparent shift in the position of an
object when viewed from 2 different positions.
Which planet has a fierce hurricane-like storm that
is several times the size of Earth? Jupiter and the
storm is called the Great Red Spot
An unglazed porcelain tile is used for a mineral streak
test.
Which of these planets travels around the sun in
less time than it takes earth to complete
one revolution?
Uranus
Mercury
Saturn
Mars
Answer Mercury
The main determinant of how a star dies is the
initial mass of the star.
Lunar eclipse- during a total lunar eclipse,
Earth’s shadow blocks light coming from the sun.
Total Solar Eclipse- the shadow of the moon falls
on a small portion of Earth’s surface, the moon
completely blocks the sun.
REMEMBER the word SMILE During a solar
Eclipse the moon is in the middle and during a
Lunar eclipse the earth is in the middle.
The universe started with a big bang and has
been expanding ever since.
The statement that best supports the concept
of the big bang theory is……
The galaxies are moving away from each other.
Absolute magnitude allows scientists to compare the
brightness of stars. Absolute magnitude is a
measure of the amount of light it gives off.
The streak test is used to identify minerals involves
studying the color of the powdered form of the
mineral.
Halite is a mineral commonly used as table salt.
Cleavage-minerals break along smooth, flat surfaces
Fracture-minerals that break with uneven, rough,
or jagged surfaces.
A mineral’s crystal shape and cleavage are a direct
result of the mineral’s arrangement of atoms.
One of the softest minerals is talc (powder).
A naturally occurring, inorganic solid substance
with a definite chemical composition and
structure is called a mineral.
The mineral Pyrite is also known as “fool’s gold”.
The diagram that relates absolute magnitude of a
Star to its temperature is called the H/R diagram.
Stars appear to change position during the night
because earth rotates on its axis.
The actual orbits of the planets are elliptical, with the
sun off-center within the orbit.
The planets known as “gas giants” include Jupiter,
Uranus, Neptune, and Saturn.
In the Universe we have the Milky Way Galaxy.
In the Milky Way we have the solar system.
In the solar system we have the sun.